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Two New Reported Species of Longidorus spp. and Xenocriconemella spp. from Mainland Greece Cover

Two New Reported Species of Longidorus spp. and Xenocriconemella spp. from Mainland Greece

Journal of Nematology
Volume 57 (2025): Issue 1 (February 2025)
By: Ana García Velázquez,  Dionysios Ntinokas,  Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete,  Ioannis Giannakou,  Juan E. Palomares-Rius,  Emmanuel A. Tzortzakakis,  Pablo Castillo and  Antonio Archidona-Yuste  
Open Access
|Jan 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Light micrographs of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986, from Greece (A–G). (A) Whole female, (B–D) Female anterior regions, (E–G) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; gr = guiding ring; V = vulva. Scale bars: A = 100 µm, B–G = 20 µm.
Light micrographs of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986, from Greece (A–G). (A) Whole female, (B–D) Female anterior regions, (E–G) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; gr = guiding ring; V = vulva. Scale bars: A = 100 µm, B–G = 20 µm.

Figure 2:

Light micrographs of Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece (A–I). (A) Whole female, (B–D) Female anterior regions, (E–O) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; gr = guiding ring; V = vulva. Scale bars: A = 100 µm, B–O = 20 µm.
Light micrographs of Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece (A–I). (A) Whole female, (B–D) Female anterior regions, (E–O) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; gr = guiding ring; V = vulva. Scale bars: A = 100 µm, B–O = 20 µm.

Figure 3:

Light micrographs of Xenocriconemella iberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius 2024 (A–D) and Xenocriconemella paraiberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius 2024 (E–H) from Greece. (A, E) Whole female, (B, F) Female anterior regions, (C–H) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; st = stylet; V = vulva. Scale bars: A, E = 100 µm, B–D, F–H = 20 µm.
Light micrographs of Xenocriconemella iberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius 2024 (A–D) and Xenocriconemella paraiberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius 2024 (E–H) from Greece. (A, E) Whole female, (B, F) Female anterior regions, (C–H) Female tail regions. Abbreviations: a = anus; st = stylet; V = vulva. Scale bars: A, E = 100 µm, B–D, F–H = 20 µm.

Figure 4:

Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28S rDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the symmetrical model with invariable sites and gamma distribution (SYM + I + G): − lnL = 17367.5440; AIC = 35293.087920; freqA = 0.2500; freqC = 0.2500; freqG = 0.2500; freqT = 0.2500; R(a) = 0.6301; R(b) = 2.3716; R(c) = 1.2643; R(d) = 0.3973; R(e) = 4.2679; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.2970; and Shape = 0.7080. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; PP, posterior probabilities.
Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28S rDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the symmetrical model with invariable sites and gamma distribution (SYM + I + G): − lnL = 17367.5440; AIC = 35293.087920; freqA = 0.2500; freqC = 0.2500; freqG = 0.2500; freqT = 0.2500; R(a) = 0.6301; R(b) = 2.3716; R(c) = 1.2643; R(d) = 0.3973; R(e) = 4.2679; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.2970; and Shape = 0.7080. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; PP, posterior probabilities.

Figure 5:

Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on ITS1 rDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the general time-reversible model and a gamma distribution (GTR + G): −lnL = 6986.5651; AIC = 14091.130240; freqA = 0.2493; freqC = 0.2071; freqG = 0.2721; freqT = 0.2715; R(a) = 0.7154; R(b) = 2.1386; R(c) = 0.7569; R(d) = 0.3744; R(e) = 3.2444; R(f) = 1.0000; and Shape = 0.7090. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; ITS, internal transcribed spacer; PP, posterior probabilities.
Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli, and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on ITS1 rDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the general time-reversible model and a gamma distribution (GTR + G): −lnL = 6986.5651; AIC = 14091.130240; freqA = 0.2493; freqC = 0.2071; freqG = 0.2721; freqT = 0.2715; R(a) = 0.7154; R(b) = 2.1386; R(c) = 0.7569; R(d) = 0.3744; R(e) = 3.2444; R(f) = 1.0000; and Shape = 0.7090. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; ITS, internal transcribed spacer; PP, posterior probabilities.

Figure 6:

Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on COI mtDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the transversion model with invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (TVM + I + G): −lnL = 11077.4604; AIC = 22464.920820; freqA = 0.2466; freqC = 0.2026; freqG = 01391; freqT = 0.4116; R(a) = 0.4113; R(b) = 13.4611; R(c) = 0.9401; R(d) = 2.0351; R(e) = 13.4611; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.3360; and Shape = 0.3420. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; PP, posterior probabilities.
Phylogenetic relationships of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli and Vinciguerra, 1986 and Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979 from Greece within Longidorus spp., inferred from a Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree based on COI mtDNA gene. The analysis was conducted under the transversion model with invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (TVM + I + G): −lnL = 11077.4604; AIC = 22464.920820; freqA = 0.2466; freqC = 0.2026; freqG = 01391; freqT = 0.4116; R(a) = 0.4113; R(b) = 13.4611; R(c) = 0.9401; R(d) = 2.0351; R(e) = 13.4611; R(f) = 1.0000; Pinva = 0.3360; and Shape = 0.3420. PP >0.70 are indicated at the relevant nodes. Newly generated sequences are shown in bold. The scale bar represents the expected number of substitutions per site. Colored boxes denote clade associations of Longidorus species included in this study. AIC, Akaike information criterion; PP, posterior probabilities.

Needle and ring nematode populations belonging to the genera Longidorus and Xenocriconemella, collected from downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd_) forests in Greece, were used and sequenced in this study_

SpeciesSample codeLocationD2–D3ITS1/ITSCOI
Longidorus aetnaeusTHE2Thessaloniki, Northern GreecePV917559–PV917560PV891811–PV891812PV871896–PV871897
Longidorus intermediusTHE1Thessaloniki, Northern GreecePV917561–PV917566PV891813–PV891816PV871898–PV871901
Longidorus intermediusPIE2Pieria, Northern GreecePV917567–PV917572PV891817–PV891819PV871902–PV871905
Longidorus iranicusT098Tatoi, Central GreecePV917573--
Xenocriconemella ibericaTHE2Thessaloniki, Northern GreecePV917574–PV917578PV891820–PV891824-
Xenocriconemella paraibericaTHE2Thessaloniki, Northern GreecePV917579–PV917583PV891825–PV891829-
Xenocriconemella paraibericaPIE6Pieria, Northern GreecePV917584–PV917588PV891830–PV891834-
Xenocriconemella paraibericaT106Chalkidiki, Northern GreecePV917589–PV917590PV891835–PV891836-

Morphometric characterization of adult females of Xenocriconemella paraiberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius, 2024 and Xenocriconemella iberica Archidona-Yuste, Clavero-Camacho, Ruiz-Cuenca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo, and Palomares-Rius, 2024 from Greece_

Trait*/localityXenocriconemella paraibericaXenocriconemella iberica
ThessalonikiPieriaChalkidikiThessaloniki
n5525
L310.4 ± 41.1 (250–356)304.2 ± 23.6 (270–333)(274, 298)309.8 ± 49.6 (248–354)
R107.4 ± 5.9 (100–114)105.6 ± 5.0 (100–111)(102, 107)104.6 ± 3.7 (100–110)
Rst35.6 ± 2.6 (32–38)33.4 ± 1.8 (31–36)(33, 34)35.2 ± 1.3 (34–37)
Roes46.6 ± 1.8 (45–49)45.2 ± 2.3 (43–49)(44, 45)44.8 ± 1.3 (43–46)
Rex37.6 ± 2.5 (35–40)35.8 ± 1.9 (34–39)(35, 36)37.4 ± 0.5 (37–38)
RV11.8 ± 0.4 (11–12)11.8 ± 0.8 (11–13)(11, 12)11.6 ± 0.5 (11–12)
Rvan4.0 ± 0 (4–4)3.8 ± 0.4 (3–4)(4, 4)4.0 ± 0 (4–4)
Ran7.8 ± 0.4 (7–8)8.0 ± 0.7 (7–9)(7, 8)7.6 ± 0.5 (7–8)
O7.8 ± 0.3 (7.2–8.6)7.9 ± 0.3 (7.5–8.2)(7.7, 7.8)8.0 ± 0.4 (7.4–8.4)
a9.5 ± 1.2 (8.1–11.1)9.8 ± 0.3 (9.3–10.1)(9.4, 9.9)9.4 ± 1.6 (7.1–11.4)
b2.6 ± 0.3 (2.1–2.8)2.5 ± 0.2 (2.2–2.7)(2.2, 2.5)2.7 ± 0.3 (2.3–3.0)
c21.4 ± 2.9 (17.9–24.1)22.6 ± 4.0 (18.7–28.9)(18.6, 22.8)21.2 ± 4.6 (15.5–25.7)
c′0.7 ± 0.1 (0.7–0.8)0.8 ± 0.1 (0.7–0.9)(0.9, 0.9)0.7 ± 0.1 (0.7–0.8)
V90.2 ± 1.2 (88.5–91.6)89.7 ± 1.8 (86.5–91.0)(89.1, 89.9)90.3 ± 0.4 (89.8–90.7)
VL/VB1.0 ± 0.1 (0.8–1.1)0.9 ± 0.2 (0.7–1.1)(1.0, 1.1)0.9 ± 0.1 (0.8–1.1)
Stylet93.4 ± 3.6 (89.0–97.0)91.0 ± 4.5 (86.0–97.0)(91.0, 97.0)93.0 ± 3.2 (88.0–96.0)
Pharynx120.8 ± 4.9 (115–128)122.4 ± 5.6 (117–131)(118.0, 124.0)114.6 ± 9.5 (102–126)
Maximum body width32.8 ± 2.6 (30.0–36.0)31.0 ± 1.6 (29.0–33.0)(29.0, 30.0)33.2 ± 4.1 (27.0–37.0)
Anal body width19.8 ± 2.2 (17.5–23.5)17.9 ± 3.7 (14.0–23.5)(14.0, 18.0)20.3 ± 2.9 (16.0–23.0)
Vulva to anus distance13.4 ± 2.3 (11.0–17.0)14.4 ± 1.9 (12.0–17.0)(13.0, 14.0)13.6 ± 2.1 (11.0–16.0)
Tail14.5 ± 0.7 (14.0–15.5)13.8 ± 2.6 (11.0–17.0)(12.0, 16.0)14.8 ± 1.2 (13.0–16.0

Morphometric characterization of adult females of Longidorus aetnaeus Roca, Lamberti, Agostinelli and Vinciguerra, 1986, Longidorus intermedius Kozlowska and Seinhorst, 1979, and Longidorus iranicus Sturhan and Barooti, 1983 from Greece_

Trait*/localityLongidorus aetnaeusLongidorus intermediusLongidorus iranicus
ThessalonikiThessalonikiPieriaTatoi
n5662
L2.83 ± 0.28 (2.52–3.24)3.88 ± 0.42 (3.23–4.39)3.93 ± 0.39 (3.33–4.34)(5.23, 5.61)
a72.9 ± 5.9 (66.9–80.0)76.8 ± 7.7 (64.6–86.1)78.8 ± 6.5 (68.0–86.8)(100.5, 105.9)
b10.2 ± 0.9 (9.3–11.6)9.9 ± 0.8 (8.8–10.8)10.0 ± 0.8 (8.8–11.0)(13.9, 16.3)
c61.4 ± 3.0 (58.1–64.8)93.6 ± 8.2 (78.8–101.8)95.8 ± 8.7 (87.5–108.8)(149.3, 155.9)
c′2.0 ± 0.1 (1.8–2.1)1.2 ± 0.1 (1.1–1.3)1.2 ± 0.2 (1.1–1.4)(0.9, 0.9)
d2.6 ± 0.1 (2.6–2.7)2.6 ± 0.1 (2.5–2.8)2.6 ± 0.2 (2.5–2.8)(3.0, 3.1)
d′1.9 ± 0.1 (1.9–2.0)2.1 ± 0.1 (1.9–2.3)2.0 ± 0.1 (1.8–2.1)(2.3, 2.3)
V46.5 ± 1.5 (44.2–48.3)47.5 ± 2.3 (44.7–51.1)47.0 ± 1.2 (45.8–48.7)(48.6, 49.0)
Odontostyle length75.5 ± 1.6 (74.0–78.0)115.1 ± 2.4 (112.5–119.0)113.3 ± 5.6 (108.0–122.0)(97.0, 104.0)
Odontophore length41.6 ± 0.9 (41.0–43.0)61.5 ± 1.0 (60.0–63.0)60.7 ± 3.1 (55.0–63.0)(51.0, 55.0)
Total stylet length117.1 ± 2.5 (115.0–121.0)176.6 ± 3.3 (173.5–182.0)174.0 ± 7.0 (168.0–185.0)(148.0, 159.0)
Anterior end to guide ring23.8 ± 1.0 (23.0–25.5)29.8 ± 1.6 (28.5–32.0)30.6 ± 1.8 (27.5–32.5)(30.0, 33.0)
Tail length46.2 ± 4.8 (41.0–50.0)41.6 ± 4.4 (37.5–48.0)41.1 ± 3.1 (36.5–44.5)(35.0, 36.0)
Hyaline part of tail length14.3 ± 1.7 (12.0–16.0)12.8 ± 0.7 (12.0–14.0)13.3 ± 1.3 (11.5–15.0)(12.0, 12.5)
Width at level of:
lip region9.2 ± 0.4 (9.0–10.0)11.5 ± 0.3 (11.0–12.0)11.6 ± 0.5 (11.0–12.0)(10.0, 10.5)
vulva or mid-body38.8 ± 2.0 (36.5–41.0)50.6 ± 3.5 (45.5–56.0)49.9 ± 4.0 (45.0–54.0)(52.0, 53.0)
anus23.5 ± 1.8 (21.0–25.5)34.5 ± 3.0 (31.0–39.0)33.5 ± 3.7 (30.0–39.0)(38.0, 39.0)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2025-0050 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Submitted on: Jul 15, 2025
|
Published on: Jan 14, 2026
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1,
D2–D3 of 28S rDNA,
detection,
ITS rDNA,
needle and ring nematodes
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2026 Ana García Velázquez, Dionysios Ntinokas, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Ioannis Giannakou, Juan E. Palomares-Rius, Emmanuel A. Tzortzakakis, Pablo Castillo, Antonio Archidona-Yuste, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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