Evaluation of Cover Crops and Biopesticides to Manage Meloidogyne incognita on Sweetpotatoes in Greenhouse and Microplot Settings

Journal of Nematology

Volume 57 (2025): Issue 1 (February 2025)

By:

Claire M. Schloemer, Scott H. Graham, Koon-Hui Wang, Brent S. Sipes and Kathy S. Lawrence

Open Access

|Apr 2025

Figures & Tables

Field pea root system (top image) with symptomatic galling and the Meloidogyne incognita eggs extracted at 40 X. Below Elbon rye without galling and the eggs observed at 40X.

Effect of winter and summer cover crops on plant growth and Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction in the greenhouse_

Winter cover crop	Root fresh weight (g)	Shoot fresh weight (g)	Biomass^a (g)	Meloidogyne incognita eggs/g root^b	Reproductive factor^c
Fallow	0 c^d	0 d	0 d	0 b	0.2
Black oats	141 ab	26 b	167 ab	105 b	1.6
Crimson clover	16 c	13 c	29 d	1,834 b	5.0
Daikon radish	76 bc	45 a	121 bc	79 b	1.0
Elbon rye	166 a	16 d	182 ab	48 b	1.1
Field peas	24 c	17 c	41 cd	5,430 a	15.3
Wheat	145 ab	18 c	162 ab	160 b	2.5
Yellow mustard	36 c	29 b	65 cd	352 b	1.5
Mix 1^e	171 a	29 b	200 a	51 b	1.1
Mix 2^f	170 a	21 bc	191 ab	62 b	1.0

P value^g	0.0001^****	0.0001^****	0.0001^****	0.0001^****

Summer cover crop
Fallow	0 c	0 d	0 c	0 b	0.002
Elbon rye	182 ab	30 c	213 ab	288 a	0.058
Piper sudangrass	244 a	58 ab	303 a	176 ab	0.035
Sunn hemp	130 b	50 b	181 b	23 ab	0.005
Velvetbean	101 b	70 a	171 b	18 b	0.004

P value^g	0.0001^****	0.0001^****	0.0001^****	0.0136^**

Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction and sweetpotato yield following winter cover crops in a microplot setting_

Winter cover crop	Winter cover crop biomass^a (g)	*April M. incognita/100cm³ soil*	*July M. incognita/100cm³ soil*	*September M. incognita/100cm³ soil*	Sweetpotato yield (kg/plant)
Fallow	18 d^b	30 ab	421 a	470 a	0.90 a
Black oats	51 bcd	22 dc	305 a	333 a	1.43 a
Crimson clover	44 bcd	19 dc	570 a	407 a	0.92 a
Daikon radish	32 dc	17 d	282 a	437 a	1.36 a
Elbon rye	70 abc	18 d	330 a	317 a	1.30 a
Field peas	97 a	35 a	416 a	385 a	1.05 a
Yellow mustard	27 d	26 bc	879 a	507 a	1.10 a
Mix 1^c	84 ab	21 dc	393 a	317 a	1.38 a

P value^d	0.0001^****	0.0001^****	0.0661^*	0.0001^****	0.2458

Effect of biopesticides on Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction and sweetpotato yield in a microplot setting_

	Biopesticide		M. incognita/100 cm³ soil	Marketable yield/plant (kg)
Name	Active ingredient	Rate
Untreated	None	None	1,236 a^a	0.509 a
AzaGuard	Azadirachtin	1.1 L/ha	1,082 c	0.513 a
BoteGHA ES	Beauveria bassiana	2.3 L/ha	1,190 ab	0.442 a
BotaniGard 22WP + Triple Threat Entomopathogenic Nematodes	Beauveria bassiana + Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	4.9 kg/ha + 123.5 million IJ’s/ha	773 f	0.533 a
Chitocide	Quillaja extract and chitosan	1.2 kg/ha	819 e	0.558 a
Majestene	Heat-killed Burkholderia spp.	18.7 L/ha	1,043 c	0.505 a
MeloCon	Purpureocillium lilacinum	0.7 L/ha	765 f	0.378 a
Minuet	Bacillus subtilis	1.5 L/ha	881 d	0.460 a
Monterey Nematode Control	Saponins of Quillaja saponaria	2.5 L/ha	920 d	0.367 a
Promax	Thyme oil	12.4 L/ha	834 e	0.432 a
Seduce	Spinosad	33.6 kg/ha	819 e	0.418 a
Velum	Fluopyram	0.4 L/ha	1,159 b	0.517 a

P value^b			0.0001^****	0.9743

Effect of biopesticides on sweetpotato plant growth parameters and Meloidogyne incognita race 3 nematode reproduction when grown in the greenhouse_

Biological control			Root fresh weight (g)	Shoot fresh weight (g)	Biomass^a (g)	M incognita eggs/root system	M. incognita eggs/g root^b
Name	Active ingredient	Rate
Untreated	None	None	36 a^c	35 a	71 a	114,778 ab	3,607 ab
AzaGuard	Azadirachtin	1.1 L/ha	37 a	32 a	69 a	83,183 ab	2,316 ab
BotaniGard 22 WP + Triple Threat Entomopathogenic Nematodes	Beauveria bassiana + Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	2.3 L/ha	39 a	31 a	70 a	151,634 a	5,180 a
BoteGHA ES	Beauveria bassiana	4.9 kg/ha + 123.5 million IJ’s/ha	42 a	37 a	80 a	121,832 ab	3,039 ab
Chitocide	Quillaja extract and chitosan	1.2 kg/ha	43 a	31 a	74 a	97,874 ab	2,817 ab
Majestene	Heat-killed Burkholderia spp.	18.7 L/ha	37 a	35 a	76 a	129,140 ab	4,657 a
MeloCon	Purpureocillium lilacinum	0.7 L/ha	40 a	35 a	75 a	73,018 ab	2,086 ab
Minuet	Bacillus subtilis	1.5 L/ha	39 a	33 a	72 a	96,509 ab	2,813 ab
Monterey Nematode Control	Saponins of Quillaja saponaria	2.5 L/ha	37 a	35 a	73 a	132,973 ab	4,189 ab
Promax	Thyme oil	12.4 L/ha	42 a	35 a	77 a	134,160 a	3,929 ab
Seduce	Spinosad	33.6 kg/ha	49 a	34 a	84 a	117,961 ab	2,806 ab
Velum	Fluopyram	0.4 L/ha	43 a	33 a	72 a	7,563 b	194 b

P value^d			0.2123	0.9370	0.7363	0.0239^**	0.0375^**

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2025-0015 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X

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Language: English

Submitted on: Oct 14, 2024

Published on: Apr 16, 2025

Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 times per year

Keywords:

Integrated Nematode Management,

organic,

root-knot nematode,

MeloCon and Chitocide

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Life sciences, other

© 2025 Claire M. Schloemer, Scott H. Graham, Koon-Hui Wang, Brent S. Sipes, Kathy S. Lawrence, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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Evaluation of Cover Crops and Biopesticides to Manage Meloidogyne incognita on Sweetpotatoes in Greenhouse and Microplot Settings

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Effect of winter and summer cover crops on plant growth and Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction in the greenhouse_

Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction and sweetpotato yield following winter cover crops in a microplot setting_

Effect of biopesticides on Meloidogyne incognita race 3 reproduction and sweetpotato yield in a microplot setting_

Effect of biopesticides on sweetpotato plant growth parameters and Meloidogyne incognita race 3 nematode reproduction when grown in the greenhouse_

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