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Storage Capacity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Barricade® Gel and Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel Cover

Storage Capacity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Barricade® Gel and Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel

Journal of Nematology
Volume 57 (2025): Issue 1 (February 2025)
By: Sinethemba Zulu,  Tshimangadzo Ramakuwela,  Hugues Baimey,  Mark Laing,  David Shapiro-Ilan and  Nicolene Cochrane  
Open Access
|Jun 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Total area under the curve analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses for the survival of three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.
Total area under the curve analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses for the survival of three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.

Figure 2:

Area under the curve [analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses] for mealworm mortality following infection with three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.
Area under the curve [analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses] for mealworm mortality following infection with three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.

Survival of entomopathogenic nematodes produced in vivo and in vitro and formulated in either Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH) (LSD (P < 0001) = 20_64)_

StrainFormulationDay 12 weeks4 weeks6 weeks8 weeks
SGI 245 Heterorhabditis bacteriophoraIn vivo B100 a59 a56 a37 b13 a
In vitro B100 a64 a65 a67 a8 a
In vivo PPH100 a59 a55 a37 b13 a
In vitro PPH100 a61 a63 a68 a10 a
In vivo control100 a0 b***
In vitro control100 a0 b***
ROOI 352 Steinernema tophusIn vivo B100 a76 a60 a47 b4 a
In vitro B100 a62 b57 a66 a*
In vivo PPH100 a76 a60 a47 b4 a
In vitro PPH100 a62 b63 a66 c2 a
In vivo control100 a0 c***
In vitro control100 a0 c***
SGI 35 Steinernema innovationiIn vivo B100 a68 a53 a47 b*
In vitro B100 a58 b63 a68 a*
In vivo PPH100 a68 a53 a47 b*
In vitro PPH100 a60 b69 a69 a1
In vivo control100 a0 c***
In vitro control100 a0 c***

Table showing infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes produced in vivo and in vitro against Tenebrio molitor and formulated in either Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH) (LSD (P = 0,05) = 6,1742)_

StrainFormulationDay 12 weeks4 weeks6 weeks8 weeks
SGI 245 Heterorhabditis bacteriophoraIn vivo B100 a90 a93 a70 a57 a
In vitro B100 a83 a77 b70 a50 a
In vivo PPH100 a90 a90 a70 a53 a
In vitro PPH100 a90 a80 b73 a53 a
In vivo control100 a0 b***
In vitro control100 a0 b***
ROOI 352 Steinernema tophusIn vivo B100 a97 a100 a83 a90 a
In vitro B100 a97 a73 c67 b*
In vivo PPH100 a100 a100 a90 a93 a
In vitro PPH100 a100 a80 b67 b93 a
In vivo control100 a0 b***
In vitro control100 a0 b***
SGI 35 Steinernema innovationiIn vivo B100 a93 a90 a80 a*
In vitro B100 a80 b77 a57 b*
In vivo PPH100 a93 a90 a80 a*
In vitro PPH100 a80 b80 a60 b93
In vivo control100 a0 c***
In vitro control100 a0 c***
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2025-0014 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Submitted on: Jan 8, 2025
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Published on: Jun 21, 2025
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Biological control,
formulation technology,
Heterorhabditidae,
in vivo and in vitro production,
shelf life,
Steinernematidae
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2025 Sinethemba Zulu, Tshimangadzo Ramakuwela, Hugues Baimey, Mark Laing, David Shapiro-Ilan, Nicolene Cochrane, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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