Table 1:
Survival of entomopathogenic nematodes produced in vivo and in vitro and formulated in either Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH) (LSD (P < 0001) = 20.64).
| Strain | Formulation | Day 1 | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | 6 weeks | 8 weeks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGI 245 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora | In vivo B | 100 a | 59 a | 56 a | 37 b | 13 a |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 64 a | 65 a | 67 a | 8 a | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 59 a | 55 a | 37 b | 13 a | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 61 a | 63 a | 68 a | 10 a | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| ROOI 352 Steinernema tophus | In vivo B | 100 a | 76 a | 60 a | 47 b | 4 a |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 62 b | 57 a | 66 a | * | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 76 a | 60 a | 47 b | 4 a | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 62 b | 63 a | 66 c | 2 a | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * | |
| SGI 35 Steinernema innovationi | In vivo B | 100 a | 68 a | 53 a | 47 b | * |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 58 b | 63 a | 68 a | * | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 68 a | 53 a | 47 b | * | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 60 b | 69 a | 69 a | 1 | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * |
Figure 1:
Total area under the curve analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses for the survival of three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.
Table 2:
Table showing infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes produced in vivo and in vitro against Tenebrio molitor and formulated in either Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH) (LSD (P = 0,05) = 6,1742).
| Strain | Formulation | Day 1 | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | 6 weeks | 8 weeks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGI 245 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora | In vivo B | 100 a | 90 a | 93 a | 70 a | 57 a |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 83 a | 77 b | 70 a | 50 a | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 90 a | 90 a | 70 a | 53 a | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 90 a | 80 b | 73 a | 53 a | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| ROOI 352 Steinernema tophus | In vivo B | 100 a | 97 a | 100 a | 83 a | 90 a |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 97 a | 73 c | 67 b | * | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 100 a | 100 a | 90 a | 93 a | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 100 a | 80 b | 67 b | 93 a | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 b | * | * | * | |
| SGI 35 Steinernema innovationi | In vivo B | 100 a | 93 a | 90 a | 80 a | * |
| In vitro B | 100 a | 80 b | 77 a | 57 b | * | |
| In vivo PPH | 100 a | 93 a | 90 a | 80 a | * | |
| In vitro PPH | 100 a | 80 b | 80 a | 60 b | 93 | |
| In vivo control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * | |
| In vitro control | 100 a | 0 c | * | * | * |
Figure 2:
Area under the curve [analyzed using area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) statistical analyses] for mealworm mortality following infection with three entomopathogenic nematode species, produced in vivo or in vitro and formulated in Barricade® gel (B) or Potassium Polyacrylate Hydrogel (PPH), assessed at two weeks intervals over a period of eight weeks. Different letters at each bar indicate significant differences between treatments (α = 0.05), compared for each nematode species separately.