Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Penetration and Development of Meloidogyne javanica on Four Pistachio Rootstocks and Their Defense Responses Cover

Penetration and Development of Meloidogyne javanica on Four Pistachio Rootstocks and Their Defense Responses

Journal of Nematology
Volume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)
By: Fatemeh Shekari Mahoonaki,  Esmat Mahdikhani Moghadam,  Mohammad Zakiaghl and  Majid Pedram  
Open Access
|Jan 2023

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

A- Effect of nematode infection on stem length of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh. B- Effect of nematode infection on fresh root weight of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh. The means with the same letter do not have significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at the 95% confidence level.
A- Effect of nematode infection on stem length of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh. B- Effect of nematode infection on fresh root weight of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh. The means with the same letter do not have significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test at the 95% confidence level.

Figure 2

a,b: Penetration of J2 of Meloidogyne javanica in the root tip of pistachio rootstock roots after staining with acid fuchsin.
a,b: Penetration of J2 of Meloidogyne javanica in the root tip of pistachio rootstock roots after staining with acid fuchsin.

Figure 3

Dynamics of penetration and development of Meloidogyne javanica inside the roots of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh at 2 dpi, 4 dpi, 6 dpi, 10 dpi, 15 dpi, 21 dpi, 28 dpi, 35 dpi, and 45 dpi.
Dynamics of penetration and development of Meloidogyne javanica inside the roots of four pistachio rootstocks: Badami, Ghazvini, Sarakhs, and Baneh at 2 dpi, 4 dpi, 6 dpi, 10 dpi, 15 dpi, 21 dpi, 28 dpi, 35 dpi, and 45 dpi.

Figure 4

Development of Meloidogyne javanica in roots of pistachio rootstocks roots after staining with acid fuchsin. a,b: The J2 entering the vascular cylinder from the longitudinal growth area of the root; c,d: The J2 migrating in groups through the cortex; e: Midstages in vascular cylinder; f: female in vascular cylinder. Fe, female; J2, second-stage juvenile; Mid, third and fourth juveniles.
Development of Meloidogyne javanica in roots of pistachio rootstocks roots after staining with acid fuchsin. a,b: The J2 entering the vascular cylinder from the longitudinal growth area of the root; c,d: The J2 migrating in groups through the cortex; e: Midstages in vascular cylinder; f: female in vascular cylinder. Fe, female; J2, second-stage juvenile; Mid, third and fourth juveniles.

Figure 5

Resistance reaction of pistachio rootstocks roots to M. javanica, stained with acid fuchsin (cultivar Ghazvini); a: primary HR-like reaction led to the death of the J2, preventing them from progress; b: degeneration of J2 in the cortex; c–e: HR occurred in the vascular cylinder during the formation of feeding sites; f: degraded root tissue adjacent to the nematode feeding site due to HR (purple color) at 45 dpi. Male, female, and J2 could be seen simultaneously, and HR was activated around all of them. 1 and 2, two parts of the female torn due to cover slip pressure; D, degeneration; Fe, female; G, giant cell; HR, hypesnsetive respons; J2, second-stage juvenile; M, male; N, nematode.
Resistance reaction of pistachio rootstocks roots to M. javanica, stained with acid fuchsin (cultivar Ghazvini); a: primary HR-like reaction led to the death of the J2, preventing them from progress; b: degeneration of J2 in the cortex; c–e: HR occurred in the vascular cylinder during the formation of feeding sites; f: degraded root tissue adjacent to the nematode feeding site due to HR (purple color) at 45 dpi. Male, female, and J2 could be seen simultaneously, and HR was activated around all of them. 1 and 2, two parts of the female torn due to cover slip pressure; D, degeneration; Fe, female; G, giant cell; HR, hypesnsetive respons; J2, second-stage juvenile; M, male; N, nematode.

Resistance rating scale for Meloidogyne javanica based on the GI or EMI and RF (Sasser et al_, 1984)_

GI or EMIRFResistance degree
1<0.1Highly resistant
2£1Resistant
3>1Moderately resistant
4>1Susceptible
5>10Highly susceptible

Reaction of four pistachio rootstocks to Meloidogyne javanica_

PistachioEMI (g root)-1GI (g root)-1RFResistance
rootstock
Badami33.41a64.18a4.43aS
Ghazvini12.26c29.98b1.37bMR
Sarakhs16.49b27.14b1.27bMR
Baneh8.49d17.23c0.25cR
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0056 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Submitted on: Jun 8, 2022
Published on: Jan 20, 2023
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
development,
hypersensitive response,
penetration,
pistachio,
resistance,
root-knot nematode
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2023 Fatemeh Shekari Mahoonaki, Esmat Mahdikhani Moghadam, Mohammad Zakiaghl, Majid Pedram, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Previous articleVolume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)Next article