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Vertical Distribution of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Sweet Potato Cover

Vertical Distribution of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Sweet Potato

Journal of Nematology
Volume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)
By: ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Aug 2022
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Soil sampling sites at Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya.

Figure 2

Abundance (mean ± standard error) of nematode genera in 250 g of soil from sweet potato fields in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions of Embu County, Kenya at 0 cm to 30 cm and 30 cm to 60 cm depths. Cos: Coslenchus; Hel: Helicotylenchus; Hem: Hemicycliophora; Hop: Hoplolaimus; Lon: Longidorus; Mal: Malenchus; Mel: Meloidogyne; Pra: Pratylenchus; Psi: Psilenchus; Rol: Rotylenchulus; Rot: Rotylenchus; Scut: Scutellonema; Tric: Trichodorus; Tyrh: Tylenchorhynchus; Tyl: Tylenchus; Xip: Xiphinema.

Figure 3

Abundance (mean ± standard error) of nematode genera in 250 g of soil from sweet potato fields in Central, Nembure, and Manyatta regions of Embu County, Kenya. Cos: Coslenchus; Hel: Helicotylenchus; Hem: Hemicycliophora; Hop: Hoplolaimus; Lon: Longidorus; Mal: Malenchus; Mel: Meloidogyne; Pra: Pratylenchus; Psi: Psilenchus; Rol: Rotylenchulus; Rot: Rotylenchus; Scut: Scutellonema; Tric: Trichodorus; Tyrh: Tylenchorhynchus; Tyl: Tylenchus; Xip: Xiphinema.

Table 1

Two-way analysis of variance (P values) of region, depth, and their interaction on nematode genera, Pielou’s evenness, Shannon–Weaver, and Simpson diversity indices in sweet potato fields in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions of Embu County, Kenya.

RegionDepthRegion × depth
Nematode genera
Coslenchus0.110.640.72
Helicotylenchus0.970.970.93
Longidorus0.980.080.14
Meloidogyne0.40.350.71
Pratylenchus0.10.910.81
Rotylenchulus0.830.680.83
Rotylenchus0.650.360.96
Scutellonema0.080.810.75
Trichodorus0.490.170.3
Tylenchorhynchus0.060.330.83
Tylenchus0.150.320.01*
Xiphinema0.780.90.07
Psilenchus<0.0001***0.931
Hemicycliophora0.01*0.90.98
Hoplolaimus0.05*0.560.71
Malenchus0.150.790.93
Diversity indices
Shannon–Weaver diversity0.04*0.03*0.53
Simpson diversity0.080.05*0.84
Pielou’s evenness0.890.410.24

[i] Asterisks represent level of significance: ***P < 0.0001, *P < 0.05.

Table 2

Simpson and Shannon–Weaver diversity indices of nematode communities in sweet potato fields in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya at 0 cm to 30 cm and 30 cm to 60 cm depths.

RegionShannon–Weaver diversitySimpson diversity
MeanSEMeanSE
Central1.29a,b0.060.64a0.02
Manyatta1.36a0.060.67a0.02
Nembure1.12b0.080.58a0.04
Depth
0–30 cm1.38a0.050.68a0.02
30–60 cm1.15b0.060.59b0.03

[i] Means with the same letter along a column are not significantly different.

SE, standard error of mean.

Figure 4

Additive γ diversity partitioning (into α and β components) of (A) nematode genus richness, (B) Shannon–Weaver diversity, and (C) Simpson diversity in sweet potato fields in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya at 0 cm to 30 cm and 30 cm to 60 cm depths.

Figure 5

NMDS ordination of nematode communities in sweet potato fields in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya at 0 cm to 30 cm and 30 cm to 60 cm depths (NMDS Stress = 0.2). NMDS, nonmetric multidimensional scaling.

Figure 6

Coinertia analysis of nematode genera and soil properties at 0 cm to 30 cm depth in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya (RV = 0.13, P = 0.05, Monte Carlo permutation test).

Table 3

Soil properties in sweet potato fields at 0–30 cm depth in Central, Manyatta, and Nembure regions in Embu County, Kenya.

Soil propertyCentralManyattaNembureP value
MeanSEMeanSEMeanSE
pH4.890.234.700.164.720.140.74
Total Nitrogen%0.360.010.380.020.290.030.02*
Total Organic Carbon%4.040.144.250.203.360.310.02*
Phosphorus ppm25.314.4317.332.0914.862.760.08
Potassium meq%0.920.161.100.120.840.140.42
Calcium meq%2.560.692.550.651.810.620.67
Magnesium meq%3.390.343.290.333.290.280.97
Manganese meq%0.790.040.850.050.660.050.02*
Copper ppm4.832.093.551.341.260.300.26
Iron ppm27.254.1533.387.1126.685.000.64
Zinc ppm34.123.4923.012.5416.182.47<0.0001***
Sodium meq%0.580.030.440.030.460.040.02*
Sand (%)10.003.8915.875.5013.716.240.72
Clay (%)77.633.7372.135.2875.296.150.74
Silt (%)12.380.3312.000.3411.000.350.02*

[i] Asterisks represent level of significance: *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.0001.

SE, standard error of mean.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0025 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Submitted on: Mar 10, 2022
Published on: Aug 21, 2022
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
ecology,
gamma diversity,
Ipomoea batatas,
soil depth
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2022 Bernard Kemboi, Hannah Karuri, Justine M. Nyaga, Aaron J. Kingsbury, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)
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