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Comparison between different imaging modalities_
| Medical imaging modality | CT | US | MRI | EIT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic principle | X-rays | High frequency sound | Radio waves | Impedance |
| Types of radiation | Ionizing radiation | Non-Ionizing radiation | Non-Ionizing radiation | Non-Ionizing radiation |
| Contrast | High | Low | High | Low |
| Spatial Resolution | 50-200 μm | 50-500 μm | 25-100 μm | Low |
| Scanning time | <20 min | < 30 min | <40 min | <10 min |
| Cost | Moderate | Low | Very High | Low |
| Size | Non portable | Portable | Non portable | Portable |
| Advantages | Bone and tumor imaging, anatomic imaging | Visualize muscles, tendon and internal organs | Morphological and functional imaging | Rapid tomographic imaging, low cost, noninvasive |
| Disadvantages | High cost Ionizing radiation | Operator dependency | Noisy, cost, low sensitivity | Not mature yet |
Image reconstruction algorithms_
| Reconstruction algorithm | Description |
|---|---|
| Linear approach | - Solves the forward problem |
| Simple stage reconstruction | - Solves the forward problem |
| Sheffield Back-projection | - Solves the forward problem |
| Newton-Raphson | - Solves the forward problem based on EMFm |
| Optimization by particle swarms | - Solves the inverse problem |
Electrical conductivity for Human tissues_
| Tissue | Conductivity (mS/m) |
|---|---|
| Cerebrospinal fluid | 1450 - 1800 |
| Blood | 500 - 650 |
| Scalp | 300 - 400 |
| Brain | 300 - 420 |
| Muscle | 200 - 400 |
| Fat | 50 |
| Bone | 6 |