Tab. 1:
Literature review results for different search items (situation in week 39/2021; Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar and Science-Direct databases were searched again in weeks 6 and 7/2022)
| Research query | Scopus | ProQuest Ebook | Google Scholar | Taylor & Francis | ScienceDirect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Results | Relevant | Results | Relevant | Results | Relevant | Results | Relevant | Results | Relevant | |
| CIV 1 | 14 | 1 | 48* | 1 | 1,060 | >5 | 39,509* | <5 | 106,159 | <5 |
| CIV 2 | 671 | 0 | 2* | 0 | 1,480 | >5 | 13,219* | <5 | 106,214 | <5 |
| MIL 1 | 0 | 0 | 96* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| MIL 2 | 0 | 0 | 82* | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ‘logistics trends’ 2040 | 5 | 1 | 4** | 1 | 91 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| ‘supply chain* trends’ 2040 | 2 | 0 | 5** | 1 | 30 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
* In the Taylor & Francis and ProQuest databases, the search clauses did not operate in the same way as in Google Scholar. The Taylor & Francis and ProQuest databases had a different search logic in that every search word was its own parameter. This was the reason for the high results. The HNS search word was, in some cases, linked to medical science terms and was therefore not relevant. Hence, it was expanded to include the word ‘military’.
Tab. 2:
Summary of trends gathered from the literature review based on occurrence
| Political trends | Economic trends | Social trends | Technological trends | Environmental trends |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Global shift in power balance, protectionism, global trade shift, polarisation | Demographic changes, localisation, labour shortage, increasing inequality | Urbanisation, individual consumption, increasing inequality, servitisation | Digitalisation, artificial intelligence, Industry 4.0, cyber-physical systems, blockchain technology | Climate change, resource scarcity, circular economy, sustainability, zero emissions, natural disasters |
Tab. 3:
Summary of the recurring key trends that will have an impact on Finnish logistics up to 2040
| Key trends | Political trends | Economic trends | Social trends | Technological trends | Environmental trends |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | West-East power balance | Ageing population | Demographic changes | Digitalisation | Climate change |
| 2 | Protectionism | Localisation | Urbanisation | Autonomy | Circular economy |
| 3 | Regulation | Circular economy | Individual consumption | Artificial Intelligence | Zero emissions |
Fig. 1:
Summary of the key trends that have an impact on HNS logistics. HNS, host nation support.