A scoping review of research on the turnover intention of military personnel in Taiwan

Shonn Cheng; Jai-Wen Tsai; Sung-Chan Ku

doi:10.2478/jms-2025-0009

Figures & Tables

Trends in studies on the turnover intention of military personnel in Taiwan.

Hypothesised model and empirical findings [3].

Factors in the work environment and three psychological needs

Factors in the work environment	Psychological needs
Social support acquisition	Relatedness
Perceived supervisor support	Competence; relatedness
Job loading	Competence
Internal marketing	Relatedness
Organisational culture	Relatedness
Co-worker incivility	Relatedness
Perceived practicality of policies	Competence, relatedness
Perceived organisational support	Competence, relatedness
Organisational socialisation	Relatedness
Person-organisation fit	Relatedness
Person-job fit	Competence
Social responsibility	Autonomy; competence; relatedness
Work-family conflict	Autonomy
Uncertainty	Competence

Summary of included studies: types of evidence

Year	Author	n	Data source	Research design	Analytic approach
2003	Shih and Tseng	826	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Regression
2006	Lo and Chou	399	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Regression
2009	Lin and Chung	400	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Regression
2011	Day and Huang	246	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	t-test; one-way ANOVA; regression
2014	Wu	186	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	t-test; one-way ANOVA; regression
2015	Hsu and Tsai	314	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Regression
2016	Tsai and Lee	313	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	t-test; one-way ANOVA
2017	Chang et al.	281	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	SEM
2018	Liu and Chen	179	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Conditional process analysis
2018	Wang and Huang	176	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	t-test; regression
2019	Chen and Huang	994	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Hierarchical regression analysis
2019	Hsu and Chiang	345	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	t-test; one-way ANOVA
2019	Li	285	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	Regression
2019	Cheng	248	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional;	One-way ANOVA
2021	Lee et al.	318	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	MSEM
2023	Chang and Hsiung	444	Survey	Relational; cross-sectional	SEM
2023	Lee et al.	302	Survey	Relational; sequential	Conditional process analysis

Summary of included studies: main findings

Year	Author	X	M	W	C	Focus
2003	Shih and Tseng	Job stress -anxiety and depression -low self-esteem -exhaustion social support acquisition -internal social support acquisition -external social support acquisition need for social support -need for internal social support -need for external social support		Social support acquisition		b, d
2006	Lo and Chou	Perceived supervisor support		Job-loading achievement motivation -social-oriented -individual-oriented	Gender age	b, c, d
2009	Lin and Chung	Internal marketing -education and training -management support -internal and external communication achievement motivation -mastery -work orientation -competition	Organisational commitment -value and efforts commitment -retention commitment			b, d
2011	Day and Huang	Gender rank age marital status education years of service occupational specialties salary leadership style organisational culture physical working environment job characteristics family influence peer collaboration				b, c
2014	Wu	Gender age marital status rank track years of service residence job satisfaction				c, d
2015	Hsu and Tsai	Co-worker incivility	Surface acting		Gender age education years of service years of service in the current position	b, c, d
2016	Tsai and Lee	Gender age education years of service occupational specialties marital status				c
2017	Chang et al.	Practicality of perceived policies	Perceived organisational support	Rank		b, c
2018	Liu and Chen	Organisational socialisation	Person–organisation fit	Leadership style		b
2018	Wang and Huang	Gender age education martial status rank years of service occupational specialties military units job stress job burnout				c, d
2019	Chen and Huang	Job stress	Well-being organisational commitment		Gender rank education marital status military units	b, c, d
2019	Hsu and Chiang	Gender age education years of service				c
2019	Li	Perceived risk job satisfaction		Transformational leadership organisational identification		b, d
2019	Cheng	Age job characteristics marital status number of dependents location of deployment				c
2021	Lee et al.	Social responsibility	Organisational identification		Gender years of service	b, c
2023	Chang and Hsiung	Work-family conflict	Job burnout	Grit		b, c, d
2023	Lee et al.	Person-job misfit -need-supply misfit -demand-ability misfit	Organisational frustration	Authoritarian leadership	Gender years of service track power distance uncertainty	b, c, d

Comparing factors in the work environment

Year	Author	Findings
2006	Lo and Chou	Perceived supervisor support ≈ job loading
2011	Day and Huang	Organisational culture ≈ leadership style, physical work environment, job characteristics and peer collaboration
2017	Chang et al.	Perceived organisational support perceived practicality of policies
2018	Liu and Chen	Person-organisation fit ≈ organisational socialisation
2023	Lee et al.	Person-job fit ≈ uncertainty

A scoping review of research on the turnover intention of military personnel in Taiwan

Figures & Tables

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Factors in the work environment and three psychological needs

Summary of included studies: types of evidence

Summary of included studies: main findings

Comparing factors in the work environment

Paradigm

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