The pH and free acidity of honey from bees of the genus Melipona
| Species | pH | Free acidity (meq/kg) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| M. asilvai | 3.1 – 3.4 | 21.5 – 80.5 | Souza et al. (2004) |
| M. mandacacia | 3.2 – 3.5 | 18.5 – 62.5 | Alves et al. (2005) |
| M. scutellaris | 4.7 | 28.3 | Evangelista et al. (2005) |
| M. beecheii | 4.1 | 11.8 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. favosa | 3.7 | 18.9 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. compressipes manaoense y seminigra merribae | 3.4 – 4.1 | 20.6 – 27.8 | Almeida et al. (2007) |
| M. scutellaris | 3.5 – 3.6 | 25.7 – 55.0 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. quadrifasciata | 3.7 – 6.6 | 6.2 – 28.0 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. beecheii | 3.7 | 23.2 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. solani | 3.8 | 4.9 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. yucatanica | 3.8 | 10.6 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. beecheii | 5.1 | 29.7 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. solani | 5.0 | 29.2 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. capixaba | 3.3 – 3.8 | 25.0 – 107.0 | Lage et al. (2012) |
| M. rufiventris | 4.0 – 4.5 | 1.0 – 52.0 | Lage et al. (2012) |
| M. mondury | 3.2 – 5.7 | 2.1 – 122.5 | Lage et al. (2012) |
| M. subnitida | n.r. | 32.5 | Almeida et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | 3.6 | 35.0 | Fonte et al. (2013) |
| M. subnitida | 2.9 – 3.8 | 24.7 – 59.7 | Silva et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | 2.6 – 3.3 | 13.0 – 71.3 | Moo et al. (2015) |
| M. bicolour | 3.8 | 63.3 – 139.9 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. quadrasciata | 3.3 – 4.3 | 21.4 – 106.0 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. marginata | 3.4 – 4.0 | 42.4 – 120.0 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. mondury | 3.8 – 6.6 | 16.2 – 106.0 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. arufivestris mondory | 4.2 | 38.2 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 4.5 | 28.7 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. subnida | 3.1 – 5.3 | n.r. | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 3.5 – 4.2 | n.r. | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. compressipes manoasensis y M. seminigra | 2.8 – 3.6 | n.r. | Gomes et al. (2017) |
| M. beecheii | 3.2 | 41.5 | Alvarez et al. (2018) |
| M. mondury | 4.1 | 34.3 | Alves et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris | 4.2 | 37.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. q. anthidioides | 4.2 | 17.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. subnitida | 4.6 | 22.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. asilvai | 4.3 | 22.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. fasciculate | 3.8 – 4.9 | 27.5 – 30.6 | Fernandes et al. (2018) |
| M. beecheii | 3.6 – 4.2 | 5.9 – 40.3 | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. solani | 3.6 – 4.0 | 55.8 – 85.0 | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris y Melipona sp (Jandaíra) | 3.0 – 4.4 | 23.8 – 61.5 | Vale et al. (2018) |
Values minimum and maximum values of physicochemical parameters for honeys of the genus Melipona by the referenced authors
| Parameters | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|
| Reducing sugars (g/100 g) | 34.8 | 82.1 |
| Fructose (g/100 g) | 29.2 | 59.2 |
| Glucose (g/100 g) | 21.8 | 45.7 |
| Sucrose (g/100 g) | 0.1 | 9.1 |
| Moisture (%) | 17.3 | 45.8 |
| pH | 2.8 | 6.6 |
| Free acidity (meq/kg) | 1.0 | 120.0 |
| Electrical conductivity (μS/cm) | 102.8 | 830.0 |
| Ash (%) | 0.01 | 0.6 |
The content of sugars in honey from bees of the genus Melipona
| Species | Reducing sugars (g/100 g) | Fructose (g/100 g) | Glucose (g/100 g) | Sucrose (g/100 g) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M. asilvai | 66.0 – 76.2 | n.r. | n.r. | 1.1 – 8.3 | Souza et al. (2004) |
| M. mandacacia | 64.3 – 82.1 | n.r. | n.r. | 0.6 – 6.2 | Alves et al. (2005) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 31.9 | 27.6 | 9.1 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. favosa | n.r. | 32.2 | 28.6 | 4.6 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. compressipes manaoense y seminigra merribae | n.r. | 30.7 – 32.0 | 28.6 – 29.8 | 0.1 – 0.2 | Almeida et al. (2007) |
| M. scutellaris | 53.9 – 57.0 | n.r. | n.r. | 1.1 – 3.2 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. quadrifasciata | 60.1 – 60.4 | n.r. | n.r. | 1.3 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. beecheii | 68.8 | n.r. | n.r. | 3.5 | Dardón & Enríquez (2008) |
| M. solani | 76.0 | n.r. | n.r. | 1.7 | Dardón & Enríquez (2008) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 31.8 | 37.3 | 3.2 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M.solani | n.r. | 30.2 | 31.9 | 6.8 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. subnitida | n.r. | 29.2 | 21.8 | 4.9 | Almeida et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 34.1 | 29.3 | 6.5 | Fonte et al. (2013) |
| M. subnitida | 50.5 – 72.8 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Silva et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | 57.1 – 74. 2 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Moo et al. (2015) |
| M. bicolour | 57.7 – 61.9 | 31.5 – 34.7 | 26.0 – 29.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. quadrasciata | 54.9 – 69.6 | 30.4 – 39.4 | 24.0 – 31.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. marginata | 60.5 – 70.5 | 33.4 – 40.5 | 26.0 – 29.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. mondury | 65.8 – 69.1 | 36.4 – 38.9 | 29.5 – 30.1 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. arufivestris mondory | 65.6 | 35.6 | 30.1 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 62.7 | 36.4 | 26.3 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. subnida | 63.2 – 71.2 | 50.0 – 59.2 | 37.7 – 45.7 | 0.7 – 3.9 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 62.7 – 71.2 | 53.6 – 57.6 | 38.1 – 43. 3 | 1.9 – 3.0 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. compressipes manoasensis y M. seminigra | 52.9 – 81.6 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Gomes et al. (2017) |
| M. asilvai | 63.4 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. q. anthidiodes | 65.6 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. q. quadrifasciata | 60.6 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. mandacacia | 34.8 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. scutellaris | 64.2 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. compressipes | 78.9 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. subnitida | 64.2 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Oliveira et al. (2017) |
| M. mondury | 65.4 | n.r. | n.r. | 2.1 | Alves et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris | 59.0 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. q. anthidioides | 75.0 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. subnitida | 75.0 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. asilvai | 67.0 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. fasciculate | 50.1 – 52.6 | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Fernandes et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris y Melipona sp (Jandaíra) | 42.9 – 55.6 | n.r. | n.r. | 1.4 – 6.1 | Vale et al. (2018) |
The moisture content of honey from bees of the genus Melipona
| Species | Moisture (%) | Source |
|---|---|---|
| M. asilvai | 26.8 – 32.0 | Souza et al. (2004) |
| M. mandacacia | 23.1 – 32.5 | Alves et al. (2005) |
| M. scutellaris | 25.3 | Evangelista et al. (2005) |
| M. favosa | 31.2 | Bijlsma et al. (2006) |
| M. trinitatis | 32.2 | Bijlsma et al. (2006) |
| M. beecheii | 24.5 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. favosa | 28.3 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. compressipes manaoense y seminigra merribae | 24.8 – 30.6 | Almeida et al. (2007) |
| M. scutellaris | 26.0 – > 30.0 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. quadrifasciata | 25.2 – > 30.0 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. beecheii | 17.3 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. solani | 19.7 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. yucatanica | 20.4 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. beecheii | 27.2 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. solani | 23.7 | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. capixaba | 22.8 – 36.0 | Lage et al. (2012) |
| M. subnitida | 24.8 | Almeida et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | 24.0 | Fonte et al. (2013) |
| M. subnitida | 20.2 – 24.4 | Silva et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | 21.0 – 25.3 | Moo et al. (2015) |
| M. bicolour | 28.8 – 39.1 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. quadrasciata | 25.9 – 43.5 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. marginata | 28.3 – 38.2 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. mondury | 29.6 – 29.9 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. arufivestris mondory | 27.7 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 23.4 | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. subnida | 23.9 – 28.9 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 24.3 – 26.5 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. compressipes manoasensis y M. seminigra | 19.2 – 28.4 | Gomes, et. al. (2017) |
| M. beecheii | 28.6 | Alvarez et al. (2018) |
| M. mondury | 29.2 | Alves et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris | 30.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. q. anthidioides | 31.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. subnitida | 27.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. asilvai | 30.0 | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. fasciculate | 23.7 – 27.2 | Fernandes et al. (2018) |
| M. beecheii | 25.3 – 27.0 | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. solani | 25.0 – 25.8 | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris y Melipona sp (Jandaíra) | 27.7 – 45.8 | Vale et al. (2018) |
The electrical conductivity and ash content of honey from bees of the genus Melipona
| Species | Electrical conductivity (μS/cm) | Ash (%) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| M. asilvai | 287.5 – 525.0 | n.r. | Souza et al. (2004) |
| M. mandacacia | 267.5 – 462.0 | n.r. | Alves et al. (2005) |
| M. scutellaris | n.r. | 0.17 | Evangelista et al. (2005) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 0.02 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. favosa | n.r. | 0.13 | Vit et al. (2006) |
| M. scutellaris | 264.2 – 272.1 | 0.18 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. quadrifasciata | 226.0 – 445.9 | 0.15 – 0. 40 | Carvalho et al. (2009) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 0.07 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. solani | n.r. | 0.06 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. yucatanica | n.r. | 0.06 | Dardón et al. (2008) |
| M. beecheii | 150.0 | n.r. | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. solani | 140.0 | n.r. | Gutiérrez et al. (2009) |
| M. subnitida | 102.8 | 0.02 | Almeida et al. (2013) |
| M. subnitida | n.r. | 0.03 – 0.20 | Silva et al. (2013) |
| M. beecheii | n.r. | 0.01 – 0.60 | Moo et al. (2015) |
| M. bicolour | 360.0 – 700.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. quadrasciata | 160.0 – 830.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. marginata | 270.0 – 700.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. mondury | 540.0 – 840.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. arufivestris mondory | 250.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 150.0 | n.r. | Biluca et al. (2016) |
| M. subnida | 300.0 – 636.0 | 0.04 – 0.52 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. scutellaris | 340.0 – 670.0 | 0.03 – 0.41 | Sousa et al. (2016) |
| M. compressipes manoasensis y M. seminigra | n.r. | 0.02 – 0.33 | Gomes et al. (2017) |
| M. beecheii | 580.0 | 0.46 | Alvarez et al. (2018) |
| M. mondury | 391.5 | 0.18 | Alves et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris | 700.0 | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. q. anthidioides | 500.0 | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. subnitida | 600.0 | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. asilvai | 300.0 | n.r. | Duarte et al. (2018) |
| M. beecheii | 500.0 – 660.0 | n.r. | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. solani | 450.0 – 620.0 | n.r. | Grajales et al. (2018) |
| M. scutellaris y Melipona sp (Jandaíra) | 277.7 – 513.0 | 0.24 – 0.49 | Vale et al. (2018) |