Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Temporary migration as a mechanism for lasting cultural change: evidence from Nepal Cover

Temporary migration as a mechanism for lasting cultural change: evidence from Nepal

By: Sarah Janzen and  Savannah Noray  
Open Access
|Dec 2021

References

  1. Abdulloev, I.; I. N. Gang; M.-S. Yun (2014): Migration, Education and the Gender Gap in Labour Force Participation. The European Journal of Development Research 26(4), 509–526.
  2. Adams, R. H. J. (2011): Evaluating the Economic Impact of International Remittances on Developing Countries Using Household Surveys: A Literature Review. Journal of Development Studies 47(6), 809–828.
  3. Alesina, A.; P. Giuliano; N. Nunn (2013): On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 128(2), 469–530.
  4. Ambler, K. (2015): Don’t Tell on Me: Experimental Evidence of Asymmetric Information in Transnational Households. Journal of Development Economics 113, 52–69.
  5. Antman, F. M. (2011): The Intergenerational Effects of Paternal Migration on Schooling and Work: What can we Learn from Children's Time Allocations? Journal of Development Economics 96(2), 200–208.
  6. Antman, F. M. (2012): Gender, Educational Attainment, and the Impact Of Parental Migration on Children Left Behind. Journal of Population Economics 25(4), 1187–1214.
  7. Antman, F. M. (2015): Gender Discrimination in the Allocation of Migrant Household Resources. Journal of Population Economics 28(3), 565–592.
  8. Arrow, K. J. (1962): The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing. Review of Economic Studies 29(3), 155–173.
  9. Ashraf, N.; D. Aycinena; A. Claudia Martínez; D. Yang (2015): Savings in Transnational Households: A Field Experiment Among Migrants from El Salvador. Review of Economics and Statistics 97(2), 332–351.
  10. Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2010): Overview of Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Nepal (Technical Report).
  11. Batista, C.; P. C. Vicente (2011): Do Migrants Improve Governance at Home? Evidence from A Voting Experiment. World Bank Economic Review 25(1), 77–104.
  12. Becker, A. (2019): On the Economic Origins of Restrictions on Women's Sexuality. Working Paper.
  13. Becker, G. S.; K. M. Murphy (1998): A Theory of Rational Addiction. Journal of Political Economy 96(4), 675–700.
  14. Beine, M.; K. Sekkat (2013): Skilled Migration and the Transfer of Institutional Norms. IZA Journal of Migration 2(1), 1–19.
  15. Bellemare, M. F.; C. J. Wichman (2020): Elasticities and the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 82.1, 50–61.
  16. Bertoli, S.; F. Marchetta (2015): Bringing it all Back Home – Return Migration and Fertility Choices. World Development 65, 27–40.
  17. Blattman, C.; N. Fiala; S. Martinez (2018): The Long Term Impacts of Grants on Poverty: 9-Year Evidence from Uganda's Youth Opportunities Program (Working Paper No. 24999). National Bureau of Economic Research.
  18. Bloom, S. S.; D. Wypij; M. Das Gupta (2001): Dimensions of Women's Autonomy and the Influence on Maternal Health Care Utilization in A North Indian City. Demography 38(1), 67–78.
  19. Böhme, M. H. (2015): Migration and Educational Aspirations – Another Channel of Brain Gain? IZA Journal of Migration 4(1), 1–24.
  20. Bryan, G.; S. Chowdhury; A. M. Mobarak (2014): Underinvestment in A Profitable Technology: The Case of Seasonal Migration in Bangladesh. Econometrica 82(5), 1671–1748.
  21. Bursztyn, L.; A. L., González; D. Yanagizawa-Drott (2020): Misperceived Social Norms: Women Working Outside the Home in Saudi Arabia. American Economic Review 110(10), 2997–3029.
  22. Chen, J. J. (2013): Identifying Non-Cooperative Behavior Among Spouses: Child Outcomes in Migrant-Sending Households. Journal of Development Economics 100(1), 1–18.
  23. Clemens, M. A.; E. R. Tiongson (2017): Split Decisions: Household Finance when A Policy Discontinuity Allocates Overseas Work. Review of Economics and Statistics 99(3), 531–543.
  24. Cortes, P. (2015): The Feminization of International Migration and its Effects on the Children Left Behind: Evidence from the Philippines. World Development 65, 62–78.
  25. Duflo, E. (2003): Grandmothers and Granddaughters: Old-Age Pensions and Intrahousehold Allocation in South Africa. World Bank Economic Review 17(1), 1–25.
  26. Duflo, E. (2012): Women Empowerment and Economic Development. Journal of Economic Literature 50(4), 1051–1079.
  27. Edwards, A. C.; M. Ureta (2003): International Migration, Remittances, and Schooling: Evidence from El Salvador. Journal of Development Economics 72(2), 429–461.
  28. Field, E.; R. Pande; N. Rigol; S. Schaner; C. Troyer Moore (2021): On her Own Account: How Strengthening Women's Financial Control Impacts Labor Supply and Gender Norms. American Economic Review 111(7), 2342–2375.
  29. Gibson, J.; D. McKenzie; H. Rohorua; S. Stillman (2017): The Long-Term Impacts of International Migration: Evidence from A Lottery. World Bank Economic Review 32(1), 127–147.
  30. Göbel, K. (2013): Remittances, Expenditure Patterns, and Gender: Parametric and Semiparametric Evidence from Ecuador. IZA Journal of Migration 2(1), 1–19.
  31. Handa, S. (1996): Expenditure Behavior and Children's Welfare: An Analysis of Female Headed Households in Jamaica. Journal of Development Economics 50(1), 165–187.
  32. Hoddinott, J.; L. Haddad (1995): Does Female Income Share Influence Household Expenditures? Evidence from Côte d’Ivoire. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 57(1), 77–96.
  33. Holmelin, N. B. (2019): Competing Gender Norms and Social Practice in Himalayan Farm Management. World Development 122, 85–95. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.05.018
  34. Hughes, C. (2019): Reexamining the Influence of Conditional Cash Transfers on Migration from A Gendered Lens. Demography 56, 1573–1605.
  35. International Labour Organization (ILO). (2018): Asia-Pacific Employment and Social Outlook (Technical Report).
  36. Janzen, S. A.; N. P. Magnan; S. Sharma; W. M. Thompson (2018): Short-Term Impacts of a Payit-Forward Livestock Transfer and Training Program in Nepal. AEA Papers and Proceedings 108, 422–425.
  37. Jayachandran, S. (2015): The Roots of Gender Inequality in Developing Countries. Annual Review of Economics 7, 63–88.
  38. Kabeer, N. (1999): Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment. Development and Change 30(3), 435–464.
  39. Khanal, S. (2018): Gender Discrimination in Education Expenditure in Nepal: Evidence from Living Standards Surveys. Asian Development Review 35(1), 155–174.
  40. Lodigiani, E.; S. Salomone (2020): Migration-Induced Transfers of Norms: The Case of Female Political Empowerment. Journal of Demographic Economics 86(4), 435–477.
  41. Lokshin, M.; E. Glinskaya (2009): The Effect of Male Migration on Employment Patterns of Women in Nepal. World Bank Economic Review 23(3), 481–507.
  42. McKenzie, D.; H. Rapoport (2011): Can Migration Reduce Educational Attainment? Evidence from Mexico. Journal of Population Economics 24(4), 1331–1358.
  43. Ministry of Health [Nepal], New ERA [Nepal], and ICF (2017): Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016 [Dataset]. NPPR7HFL.DTA. Rockville, Maryland.
  44. Nobles, J.; C. McKelvey (2015): Gender, Power, and Emigration from Mexico. Demography 52(5), 1573–1600.
  45. Parrado, E. A.; C. A. Flippen; C. McQuiston (2005): Migration and Relationship Power Among Mexican Women. Demography 42(2), 347–372.
  46. Qian, N. (2008): Missing Women and the Price of Tea in China: the Effect of Sex-Specific Earnings on Sex Imbalance. Quarterly Journal of Economics 123, 1251–1285.
  47. Shrestha, M. (2017): Push and Pull: A Study of International Migration from Nepal. THE World Bank. Policy Research Working Paper #7965.
  48. Stecklov, G.; C. Carletto; C. Azzarri; B. Davis (2010): Gender and Migration from Albania. Demography 47(4), 935–961.
  49. Sultana, H.; A. Fatima (2017): Factors Influencing Migration of Female Workers: A Case of Bangladesh. IZA Journal of Development and Migration 7(1), 1–17.
  50. Thomas, D. (1990): Intra-Household Resource Allocation: An Inferential Approach. Journal of Human Resources 25, 635–664.
  51. Thomas, D. (1994): Like Father, Like Son; Like Mother, Like Daughter: Parental Resources and Child Height. Journal of Human Resources 29, 950–988.
  52. USGS. (2015): M 7.8 - 36km E of Khudi, Nepal. ShakeMap. https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/event-page/us20002926/shakemap/intensity?source=atlas&code=atlas20150425061125.
  53. USGS. (2019): The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/modified-mercalli-intensity-scale (Retrieved August 7, 2019).
  54. Verplanken, B.; I. Walker; A. Davis; M. Jurasek (2008): Context Change and Travel Mode Choice: Combining the Habit Discontinuity and Self-Activation Hypotheses. Journal of Environmental Psychology 28, 121–127.
  55. Wolfers, J. (2006): Did Unilateral Divorce Laws Raise Divorce Rates: A Reconciliation and New Results. American Economic Review 96(5), 1802–1820.
  56. Wood, W.; D. T. Neal (2007): A New Look at Habits and the Habits-Goal Interface. Psychological Review 114(4), 843–863.
  57. Wood, W.; D. T. Neal (2009): The Habitual Consumer. Journal of Consumer Psychology 19, 579–592.
  58. Wood, W.; L. Tam; M. Guerrero Witt (2005): Changing Circumstances, Disrupting Habits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 88(6), 918–933.
  59. Worden, C.; D. Wald (2016): Shakemap Manual Online: Technical Manual, User's Guide, and Software Guide. usgs.github.io/shakemap. doi: 10.5066/F7D21VPQ.
  60. World Bank Group. (2018): Nepal: Systematic Country Diagnostic. The World Bank.
  61. Yang, D. (2008): International Migration, Remittances and Household Investment: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Exchange Rate Shocks. Economic Journal 118(528), 591–630.
  62. Yang, D. (2011): Migrant Remittances. Journal of Economic Perspectives 25(3), 129–152.
Language: English
Accepted on: Nov 20, 2021
|
Published on: Dec 31, 2021
Published by: Sciendo
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2021 Sarah Janzen, Savannah Noray, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.