Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Illustrative mapping of key studies across conceptual dimensions
| Author (Year) | Context | AI Technique | Gamification Mechanism | Ethical Dimension | Analytical Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hamari et al. (2014) | Digital platforms | Behavioral analytics | Points & reward systems | Engagement intensity | Empirical evidence of gamification effects |
| Mittelstadt et al. (2016) | Algorithmic systems | Machine learning | Personalised targeting | Transparency, fairness | Mapping of algorithmic ethical risks |
| Floridi et al. (2021) | AI governance | ML optimization | Adaptive system design | Explicability, proportionality | Structural AI ethics framework |
| Knutas et al. (2018) | Personalised gamification | Algorithm-based personalization | Adaptive feedback | Behavioral calibration | Design of personalised gamification processes |