Figure 1.
The main architecture of proposed DINO-YOLO model
Figure 2.
The architecture of Mamba block.
Figure 3.
Examples of TWDD dataset.
TABLE I.
Ablation Study of DM-YOLOV12 Architectural Configurations on TWDD Dataset.
| Model Configuration | YOLOv12 Scale | DINOV Variant | mAP50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| YOLOv12(baseline) | L | ViT-B/16 | 0.4325 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | L | ViT-B/16 | 0.4673 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | L | ViT-B/16 | 0.5497 |
| YOLOv12(baseline) | L | ViT-L/16 | 0.4461 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | L | ViT-L/16 | 0.4871 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | L | ViT-L/16 | 0.5831 |
| YOLOv12(baseline) | M | ViT-B/16 | 0.4152 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | M | ViT-B/16 | 0.4367 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | M | ViT-B/16 | 0.5579 |
| YOLOv12(baseline) | M | ViT-L/16 | 0.4356 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | M | ViT-L/16 | 0.4651 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | M | ViT-L/16 | 0.5878 |
| YOLOv12(baseline) | S | ViT-B/16 | 0.4051 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | S | ViT-B/16 | 0.4571 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | S | ViT-B/16 | 0.5481 |
| YOLOv12(baseline) | S | ViT-L/16 | 0.4517 |
| Y OLOv 12+Mamba | S | ViT-L/16 | 0.4401 |
| YOLOv 12+Mamba+DIN OV3 | S | ViT-L/16 | 0.5591 |
Figure 4.
Visual result for MD-YOLOv12 in out test cases.