Biological activity of Juglans regia leaf extract and in silico evaluation of its phytochemicals against Plasmodium berghei target proteins
References
- Abu Hawsah, M., Al Otaibi, T., Alojayri, G., Al Shaebi, E.M., Dkhil, M.A., Elkhadragy, M.F., Al Quraishy, S., Abdel Gaber, R. (2023): In vitro studies for the antiparasitic activities of Azadirachta indica extract. Food Sci Technol, 43: e117122. DOI: 10.1590/fst.117122
- Agrawal, J., Murthy, P., Philip, M., Mehrotra, S., Thennarasu, K., John, J.P. (2010): Socio demographic correlates of subjective well being in urban India. Soc Indic Res, 101(3): 419–434. DOI: 10.1007/s11205-010-9669-5
- Agu, P.C., Afiukwa, C.A., Orji, O.U., Ezeh, E.M., Ofoke, I.H., Ogbu, C.O., Ugwuja, E.I., Aja, P.M. (2023): Molecular docking as a tool for the discovery of molecular targets of nutraceuticals in disease management. Sci Rep, 13: 13398. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40461-4
- Alhaiqi, N.S., Afifi, S.M., Mahyoub, J.A., Abdel Gaber, R.A., Delic, D., Dkhil, M.A. (2024): Anthelmintic activity of Carica papaya leaf extracts: insights from in vitro and in silico investigations. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. DOI: 10.2174/01138620733415 77240925100048
- Al Shaebi, E.M., Abdel Gaber, R., Al Hoshani, N., Al Quraishy, S. (2025): Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and anthelmintic activity of Olea europaea (stem and leaves) methanolic extract: in vitro investigation. Helminthologia, 62(1): 8. DOI: 10.2478/helm-2025-0002
- Al Shaebi, E.M., Al Quraishy, S., Abdel Gaber, R., Maodaa, S.N., Alatawi, A., Alawwad, S.A. (2023): Efficacy of Teucrium polium leaves extract as anticoccidial and anthelmintic: in vitro study. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec, 75(5): 872–882. DOI: 10.1590/1678-416212568
- Ameen, S.A., Azeez, O.M., Baba, Y.A., Raji, L.O., Basiru, A., Biobaku, K.T. (2018): Anthelmintic potency of Carica papaya seeds against gastrointestinal helminths in Red Sokoto goats. Ceylon J Sci, 47(2): 137–141. DOI: 10.4038/cjs.v47i2.7420
- Ara, T., Shafi, S., Ghazwani, M., Mir, J.I., Shah, A.H., Qadri, R.A., Hakami, A.R., Khalid, M., Hani, U., Wahab, S. (2023): In vitro potent anticancer, antifungal, and antioxidant efficacy of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes. Agronomy, 13(5): 1232. DOI: 10.3390/agron-omy13051232
- Challapa Mammani, M.R., Tomás Alvarado, E., Espinoza Baigorria, A., León Figueroa, D.A., Sah, R., Rodriguez Morales, A.J. (2023): Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations in relation to Leishmania donovani: an update and literature review. Trop Med Infect Dis, 8(10): 457. DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8100457
- Chartier, C., Soubirac, F., Pors, I., Silvestre, A., Hubert, J., Couquet, C., Cabaret, J. (2001): Prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of dairy goats under extensive management conditions in southwestern France. J Helminthol, 75(4): 325–330. DOI: 10.1079/JOH2001111
- Codina, A.V., Indelman, P., Hinrichsen, L.I., Lamas, M.C. (2025): Significant improvement in bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of Mebendazole oral nano-systems assessed in a murine model with extreme phenotypes of susceptibility to Trichinella spiralis. Pharmaceutics, 17(8): 1069. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17081069
- Coles, G.C. (1997): Nematode control practices and anthelmintic resistance on British sheep farms. Vet Rec, 141(4): 91–93. DOI: 10.1136/vr.141.4.91
- Dabburu, K., Kondaveeti, S.B., Babu, S.K. (2012): Evaluation of gastro-protective effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Juglans regia L. leaves in experimental animals. J Appl Pharm Sci, 2(10): 79–83. DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2012.21015
- Das, R., Mehta, D.K., Gupta, A. (2011): In vitro anthelmintic activity of leaves of Juglans regia against Pheretima posthuma. Sci Rev Chem Commun, 1(1): 78–82.
- Dong, J., Xia, L., Liu, Y., Yang, Q., Xu, N., Ai, X., Zhou, S. (2025): Discovery of potential anthelmintic agents against Gyrodactylus kobayashii through computer-aided drug design and in vivo evaluation. J Fish Dis, 48(6): e14102. DOI: 10.1111/jfd.14102
- Drury, R.A., Wallington, E.A. (1973): Carleton’s histological technique. 5th Edition. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 412 pp.
- Elouafy, Y., El Yadini, A., Mortada, S., Hnini, M., Harhar, H., Khalid, A. (2023): Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of saponin extracts from walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 13(2): 60–69. DOI: 10.4103/22211691.367876
- Enechi, O.C., Amah, C.C., Okagu, I.U., Ononiwu, C.P., Azidiegwu, V.C., Ugwuoke, E.O. (2019): Methanol extracts of Fagara zanthoxyloides leaves possess antimalarial effects and normalize haematological and biochemical status of Plasmodium berghei-passaged mice. Pharm Biol, 57(1): 577–585. DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1649233
- Evbuomwan, I.O., Alejolowo, O.O., Elebiyo, T.C., Nwonuma, C.O., Ojo, O.A., Edosomwan, E.U., Chikwendu, J.I., Elosiuba, N.V., Akulue, J.C., Dogunro, F.A., Rotimi, D.E., Osemwegie, O.O., Ojo, A.B., Ademowo, O.G., Adeyemi, O.S., Oluba, O.M. (2023): In silico modeling revealed phytomolecules derived from Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) leaf extract as promising candidates for malaria therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn, 42(1): 101–118. DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2035463
- García Bustos, J.F., Sleebs, B.E., Gasser, R.B. (2019): An appraisal of natural products active against parasitic nematodes of animals. Parasit Vectors, 12(1): 306. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3540-1
- Guleria, V., Pal, T., Sharma, B., Chauhan, S., Jaiswal, V. (2021): Pharmacokinetic and molecular docking studies to design antimalarial compounds targeting Actin I. Int J Health Sci (Qassim), 15(6): 4–15
- Halton, E. (2004): The living gesture and the signifying moment. Symb Interact, 27(1): 89–113. DOI: 10.1525/si.2004.27.1.89
- Igbayilola, Y.D., Aina, O.S., Ogunkoya, O.O., Williams, O.D., Olaoye, F.A. (2022): Oxidative, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory responses to perinatal walnut (Juglans regia L.) supplemented diet in offspring of Sprague-Dawley rats. Int J Biochem Physiol, 7(1): 1–10. DOI: 10.23880/ijbp-16000205
- Kelly, J., Chevis, R., Goodman, H. (1975): Effect of particle size on the anthelmintic efficacy of Mebendazole against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in the rat. Int J Parasitol, 5(3): 275–280. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(75)90048-4
- Khalil, R.G., Ibrahim, A.M., Bakery, H.H. (2022): Juglone: a novel immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and schistosomicidal agent to ameliorate liver damage in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Int Immunopharmacol, 113: 109415. DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109415
- Lobato Tapia, C.A., Moreno Hernández, Y., Olivo Vidal, Z.E. (2023): In silico studies of four compounds of Cecropia obtusifolia against malaria parasite. Molecules, 28(19): 6912. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196912
- Mottier, L., Alvarez, L., Ceballos, L., Lanusse, C. (2006): Drug transport mechanisms in helminth parasites: passive diffusion of benzimidazole anthelmintics. Exp Parasitol, 113(1): 49–57. DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2005.12.007
- Murugesan, R., Kaleeswaran, B. (2024): In silico drug discovery: unveiling potential targets in Plasmodium falciparum. Asp Mol Med, 3: 100038. DOI: 10.1016/j.amolm.2024.100038
- Ndjonka, D., Rapado, L.N., Silber, A.M., Liebau, E., Wrenger, C. (2023): Natural products as a source for treating neglected parasitic diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 24(2): 3395–3439. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24023395
- Nwonuma, C.O., Balogun, E.A., Gyebi, G.A. (2023): Evaluation of antimalarial activity of ethanolic extract of Annona muricata L.: an in vivo and in silico approach. J Evid Based Integr Med, 28: 1–30. DOI: 10.1177/2515690X231162345
- Owoloye, A.J., Ligali, F.C., Enejoh, O.A., Musa, A.Z., Aina, O., Idowu, E.T., Oyebola, K.M. (2022): Molecular docking, simulation, and binding free energy analysis of small molecules as PfHT1 inhibitors. PLoS One, 17(8): e0268269. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268269
- Parida, S., Patro, V.J., Mishra, U.S., Mohapatra, L., Sannigrahi, S. (2010): Anthelmintic potential of crude extracts and various fractions of different parts of Pterospermum acerifolium Linn. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res, 1: 107–111
- Paul, A., Das, T., Chowdhury, M.H.U., Majumder, M., Khan, M.M., Emran, T.B. (2024): Anthelmintic activity of pineapple: in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. Res Sq, 1: 1–17. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3859053/v1 (preprint)
- Schrodinger Release (2023): Protein Preparation Wizard; Epik, Maestro, SiteMap, MacroModel, Glide, LigPrep. New York, NY: Schrödinger, LLC
- Shi, W., Xu, N., Wang, X., Vallée, I., Liu, M., Liu, X. (2022): Helminth therapy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: current and future perspectives. J Inflamm Res, 15: 475–491. DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S348910
- Soto Maldonado, C., Vergara Castro, M., Jara Quezada, J., Caballero Valdés, E., Müller Pavez, A., Zúñiga Hasen, M.E. (2019): Polyphenolic extracts of walnut (Juglans regia) green husk containing juglone inhibit the growth of HL-60 cells and induce apoptosis. Electron J Biotechnol, 39: 1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.03.002
- Soureshjani, E.H., Babaheydari, A.K., Saberi, E. (2015): DNA methyltransferases directed anti-cancerous plant medicine (Xanthomicrol and Galloyl) based molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Comput Mol Biosci, 5(2): 13–19. DOI: 10.4236/cmb.2015.52002
- Suh, D., Lee, J.W., Choi, S., Lee, Y. (2021): Recent applications of deep learning methods on evolution-and contact-based protein structure prediction. Int J Mol Sci, 22(11): 6032. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116032
- Zakavi, F., Hagh, L.G., Daraeighadikolaei, A., Sheikh, A.F., Daraeighadikolaei, A., Shooshtari, Z.L. (2013): Antibacterial effect of Juglans regia bark against oral pathologic bacteria. Int J Dent, 2013: 854765. DOI: 10.1155/2013/854765
Language: English
Page range: 48 - 60
Submitted on: Nov 5, 2025
Accepted on: Mar 17, 2026
Published on: Jun 15, 2026
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Keywords:
Related subjects:
© 2026 H. M. ALHARBI, M. DKHIL, S. SANTOURLIDIS, M. ALBESHR, E. M. AL-SHAEBI, R. ABDEL-GABER, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.