Carbonised fibre-based materials for water purification and Industrial wastewater treatment: A review of textile-derived filtration systems

Marcin Henryk Kudzin; Magdalena Olak-Kucharczyk; Zdzisława Mrozińska; Martyna Gloc; Monika Sikora; Iwona Kucińska-Król; Joanna Olczyk; Anetta Walawska; Renata Żyłła

doi:10.2478/ftee-2026-0012

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Carbonised fibre-based materials for water purification and Industrial wastewater treatment: A review of textile-derived filtration systems

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

Volume 34 (2026): Issue 1 (February 2026)

By: Marcin Henryk Kudzin, Magdalena Olak-Kucharczyk, Zdzisława Mrozińska, Martyna Gloc, Monika Sikora, Iwona Kucińska-Król, Joanna Olczyk, Anetta Walawska and Renata Żyłła

Open Access

|Oct 2026

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Abstract

Carbonised fibres derived from polyacrylonitrile fibres, cellulose fibres, chitosan fibres, and lignin fibres, as well as from textile waste, have emerged as promising materials for industrial wastewater treatment. Their performance depends on precursor type, carbonization conditions, and activation, which determine the pore structure and surface chemistry. This review summarizes recent advances in the production and functionalization of carbonised fibre-based adsorbents, including oxidation, polymer grafting, nanoparticle incorporation, and nitrogen doping. Particular attention is given to textile-derived nonwoven structures used for the removal of heavy metals, dyes, aromatic amines, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics. Challenges related to regeneration, fouling, industrial implementation, and circular-economy applications are also discussed.

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