Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Discriminant Validity (Source: Authors’ own research)
| Psychological capital | Job satisfaction | Task performance | Contextual performance | Counterproductive work behavior | Work engagement | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological capital | 0.745 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Job satisfaction | 0.662 | 0.710 | - | - | - | - |
| Task performance | 0.740 | 0.647 | 0.851 | - | - | - |
| Contextual performance | 0.730 | 0.630 | 0.742 | 0.768 | - | - |
| Counterproductive work Behavior | –0.076 | –0.090 | –0.099 | –0.062 | 0.820 | - |
| Work engagement | 0.623 | 0.637 | 0.645 | 0.582 | –0.221 | 0.948 |
Hypothesis Test of Direct Effect (Source: Authors’ own research)
| Variables | Original samples | T-statistic | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological capital > work engagement | 0.358 | 4.513 | 0.000 |
| Job satisfaction > work engagement | 0.400 | 4.691 | 0.000 |
| Work engagement > task performance | 0.233 | 3.141 | 0.002 |
| Work engagement > contextual performance | 0.132 | 1.696 | 0.090 |
| Work engagement > counterproductive work behavior | -0.301 | 2.966 | 0.003 |
| Psychological capital > task performance | 0.473 | 6.742 | 0.000 |
| Psychological capital > contextual performance | 0.510 | 5.862 | 0.000 |
| Psychological capital > counterproductive work behavior | 0.078 | 0.465 | 0.642 |
| Job Satisfaction > task performance | 0.186 | 2.510 | 0.012 |
| Job satisfaction > contextual performance | 0.209 | 2.193 | 0.028 |
| Job satisfaction > counterproductive work behavior | 0.051 | 0.375 | 0.707 |
Outer loading (Source: Authors’ own research)
| Variable | Indicator | Outer loading | Cronbach’s alpha | Rho-a | Composite reliability | AVE | R-squared |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological capital | PC1 | 0.700 | 0.899 | 0.902 | 0.918 | 0.555 | - |
| PC2 | 0.718 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC3 | 0.777 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC4 | 0.703 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC5 | 0.705 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC6 | 0.779 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC7 | 0.753 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC8 | 0.732 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC9 | 0.791 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| PC10 | 0.722 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Job satisfaction | JS1 | 0.754 | 0.841 | 0.855 | 0.876 | 0.504 | - |
| JS2 | 0.708 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| JS3 | 0.729 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| JS4 | 0.700 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| JS5 | 0.704 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| JS6 | 0.742 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| JS7 | 0.735 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Work engagement | WE1 | 0.948 | 0.888 | 0.888 | 0.947 | 0.899 | 0.478 |
| WE2 | 0.935 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Task performance | EP1 | 0.849 | 0.905 | 0.909 | 0.929 | 0.724 | 0.620 |
| EP2 | 0.79 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP3 | 0.881 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP4 | 0.869 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP5 | 0.863 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Contextual performance | EP6 | 0.714 | 0.899 | 0.913 | 0.919 | 0.590 | 0.581 |
| EP7 | 0.77 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP8 | 0.842 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP9 | 0.806 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP10 | 0.873 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP11 | 0.712 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP12 | 0.808 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP13 | 0.700 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Counterproductive work behavior | EP14 | 0.703 | 0.883 | 0.964 | 0.911 | 0.673 | 0.056 |
| EP15 | 0.814 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP16 | 0.815 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP17 | 0.873 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| EP18 | 0.893 | - | - | - | - | - |
Hypothesis Test of Indirect Effect (Source: Authors’ own research)
| Variables | Original samples | T-statistic | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological capital > work engagement > task performance | 0.083 | 2.732 | 0.006 |
| Psychological capital > work engagement > contextual performance | 0.047 | 1.507 | 0.132 |
| Psychological capital > work engagement > counterproductive work behavior | -0.108 | 2.628 | 0.009 |
| Job satisfaction > work engagement > task performance | 0.093 | 2.302 | 0.021 |
| Job satisfaction > work engagement > contextual performance | 0.053 | 1.597 | 0.110 |
| Job satisfaction > work engagement > counterproductive work behavior | –0.120 | 2.158 | 0.031 |
Hospital Performance Achievement (Source: Strategic Plan, 2020-2024)
| Key performance indicator | Unit | Description | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Employee satisfaction level | % | Target | 85 | 85 | 80 | 80 |
| Realization | 77.9 | 80.4 | 75 | 83 | ||
| Achievement | x | x | x | ok | ||
| % of satisfied and very satisfied patients | % | Target | 85 | 85 | 85 | 87 |
| Realization | 80 | 80.5 | 82 | 92 | ||
| Achievement | x | x | x | ok |
Respondents’ Profiles (Source: Authors’ own research)
| Item | Component | Total | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 40 | 20 |
| Female | 160 | 80 | |
| Age | 20–30 | 27 | 13.5 |
| 31–40 | 83 | 41.5 | |
| >40 | 90 | 45 | |
| Education | Associate’s degree | 59 | 29.5 |
| S1 | 133 | 66.5 | |
| S2 | 8 | 4 | |
| Length of service | <10 years | 40 | 20 |
| 1020 years | 113 | 56.5 | |
| >20 years | 47 | 23.5 | |
| Position | Staff | 174 | 87 |
| Supervisor/Team leader | 22 | 11 | |
| Manager | 4 | 2 |