Figure 1.
Curcumin sample standard curve.
Table 1.
RT-qPCR primer sequences.
| Primer | Forward primer 5′-3′ | Reverse primer 5′-3′ |
|---|---|---|
| CURS1 | ACCTGCACTTGACCGAGGAGAT | CGATGCCGCTGATGGAACAGAA |
| CURS2 | CAGGACATCGTGGTGGAGGAGA | ACTGTAGAGCATCAGGCGGTTG |
| CURS3 | GGTACTTGCACTTGACGGAGGA | ATGAGGCGGTTGACGGACAG |
Table 2.
Polymerase chain reaction primer sequences.
| Primer | Forward primer 5′-3′ | Reverse primer 5′-3′ |
|---|---|---|
| CURS2 | ATGGCGATCAGCTTGCAGGCGAT | CTAAAGCGGCACGCTTTGGAGC |
| CURS3 | ATGGGCAGCCTGCAGGCGATGC | CTACGGTATTGGTACACTGCGT |
Figure 2.
Curcumin content in different C. alismatifolia genotypes. Note: (A) Curcumin content in corms of different C. alismatifolia genotypes, (B) Curcumin content in inflorescences of different C. alismatifolia genotypes and (C) Curcumin content in leaves of different C. alismatifolia genotypes. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among groups (p < 0.05). ANB, Cherry Anna Princess (white); BXGZ, Snow White; BYGZ, Silver Princess; DC, Solo; DD, Doitung; FJR, Jasmine Pink; HD, Butterfly; LNX, Lanna Snow; LSQKL, Green Chocolate; QMF, Chiang Mai Pink; XDC, NewSolo; XF, Twister; XJR, Giant; YJX, YuKi; ZJL, X3; ZX, Siam TM Scarlet.
Figure 3.
RT-qPCR of CURS1, CURS2 and CURS3 in C. alismatifolia. Note: (A) RT-qPCR of CURS1 in C. alismatifolia, (B) RT-qPCR of CURS2 in C. alismatifolia and (C) RT-qPCR of CURS3 in C. alismatifolia. Comparisons were made within each genotype across tissues. *, **, *** and **** represent p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001. ANB, Cherry Anna Princess (white); BXGZ, Snow White; BYGZ, Silver Princess; CURS1, curcumin synthase 1; CURS2, curcumin synthase 2; CURS3, curcumin synthase 3; DC, Solo; DD, Doitung; FJR, Jasmine Pink; HD, Butterfly; LNX, Lanna Snow; LSQKL, Green Chocolate; QMF, Chiang Mai Pink; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction; XDC, NewSolo; XF, Twister; XJR, Giant; YJX, YuKi; ZJL, X3; ZX, Siam TM Scarlet.
Figure 4.
Sequence alignment of the CURS2 gene. BXGZ, Snow White; BYGZ, Silver Princess; CURS2, curcumin synthase 2; DC, Solo; HD, Butterfly; LNX, Lanna Snow; LSQKL, Green Chocolate; XF, Twister; XJR, Giant; ZJL, X3; ZX, Siam TM Scarlet.
Figure 5.
Sequence alignment of the CURS3 gene. BXGZ, Snow White; BYGZ, Silver Princess; CURS3, curcumin synthase 3; DC, Solo; HD, Butterfly; LNX, Lanna Snow; LSQKL, Green Chocolate.; XF, Twister; XJR, Giant; ZJL, X3; ZX, Siam TM Scarlet.
Table 3.
The physicochemical properties of CURS proteins in C. alismatifolia.
| Protein | Amino acid in length/aa | Molecular weight/Da | Isoelectric point | Hydrophobicity coefficient | Instability index | Fat coefficient | Molecular formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CURS2 | 390 | 43069.470 | 6.110 | −0.103 | 46.350 | 89.360 | C1922 H3028 N528 O560 S18 |
| CURS3 | 390 | 43100.400 | 5.920 | −0.155 | 38.210 | 85.590 | C1922 H3017 N531 O560 S18 |
Figure 6.
Protein 3D structure prediction and alignment.
Note: (A) CURS2 protein and (B) CURS3 protein. CURS2, curcumin synthase 2; CURS3, curcumin synthase 3.Phylogenetic trees of CURS2 and CURS3 genes.
Figure 7.
Phylogenetic trees of CURS2 and CURS3 genes.
Note: (A) Phylogenetic trees of CURS2 and (B) Phylogenetic trees of CURS3. BXGZ, Snow White; BYGZ, Silver Princess; CURS2, curcumin synthase 2; CURS3, curcumin synthase 3; DC, Solo; HD, Butterfly; LNX, Lanna Snow; LSQKL, Green Chocolate; XF, Twister; XJR, Giant; ZJL, X3; ZX, Siam TM Scarlet.