Abstract
The wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) is a rare and endangered species. The species is appreciated for its ecological value, drought resistance, wood parameters and ornamental value. In this study, we describe two common garden experiments of wild service tree established in Poland in spring 2012. The aim of the trials was to investigate the most valuable Polish provenances and, at the same time, to create such limited seed sources for this rare tree species. The survival rates between the trials, the provenances and the open-pollinated families during the first ten years of growth were analysed. The results showed that mortality in the first two growing seasons is most important and can be influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The obtained results clearly showed how important are the first years after planting and how they influence the survival rate in the trials after 10 years of growth. The selection of suitable origins and families can improve the survival and adaptability of wild service tree seedlings, especially in the era of climate change. We also highlight the need to create seed sources for the species to support a broader integration of wild service tree into European forests, which will increase biodiversity and ecosystem resilience.