Critical factors affecting student satisfaction in a distance learning environment

Variable			Percentage (%)
Gender	Men	58	48.5
Gender	Women	64	52.5
Age (years)	£30	19	15.6
	31–40	55	45.1
	41–50	42	34.4
	>50	6	4.9
Educational level	Tertiary Technical Institute (ATEI) graduates	23	18.9
	University (AEI) graduates	71	58.1
	Master’s	23	18.9
	PhD	5	4.1
Employment status	Fully employed	96	78.7
	Semi-/part-time employed	17	13.9
	Unemployed	9	7.4
Previous experience in distance learning	Yes	23	18.9
Previous experience in distance learning	No	99	81.1

Mean and standard deviations

	Learner–learner interaction	Learner–tutor interaction	Self-regulated learning	Student satisfaction	Internet self-efficacy
Mean	2.53	3.95	3.55	3.67	3.77
Standard deviation	0.86	0.77	0.51	0.91	0.79

ANOVA results comparing the means of variables in relation to employment status

	F	Sig.
Learner–learner interaction	0.810	0.447
Learner–tutor interaction	0.127	0.881
Self-regulated learning	1.152	0.320
Student satisfaction	3.366	0.038*
Internet self-efficacy	0.525	0.593

1* The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 significance level.

ANOVA results comparing the means of variables in relation to the number of modules

	F	p
Learner–learner interaction	1.061	0.349
Learner–tutor interaction	5.993	0.003*
Self-regulated learning	2.449	0.091
Student satisfaction	0.966	0.384
Internet self-efficacy	1.534	0.220

1* The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 significance level

Pearson correlation coefficients

		Learner–learner interaction	Learner–tutor interaction	Selfregulated learning	Satisfaction
Learner–learner interaction	Pearson correlation	1
Learner–learner interaction	Sig. (two-tailed)
Learner–tutor interaction	Pearson correlation	0.338**	1
Learner–tutor interaction	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.000
Self-Regulated learning	Pearson correlation	0.279**	0.294**	1
Self-Regulated learning	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.002	0.001
Satisfaction	Pearson correlation	0.276**	0.465**	0.395**	1
Satisfaction	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.002	0.000	0.000
Internet Self-efficacy	Pearson correlation	0.194*	0.260**	0.322**	0.315**
Internet Self-efficacy	Sig. (two-tailed)	0.032	0.004	0.000	0.000

1* Significant correlation at the 0.05 significance level (two-tailed).

1** Significant correlation at the 0.01 significance level (two-tailed).

Classification table Block 0

1 a. Constant is included in the model

b. The cut value is 0.500

Variables in the equation

	B	S.E.	Wald	Df	Sig.	Exp(B)
Step 0 Constant	1.211	0.215	31.643	1	0.000	3.357

Model summary

Step	-2 Log likelihood
1	114.931^a
2	109.374^a

1a Estimation terminated at iteration number 5 because parameter estimates changed by <001.

Hosmer–Lemeshow Test

Bήμα	Chi-square	Df	Sig.
1	11.798	8	0.160
2	4.165	8	0.842

Classification table

	Observed values		Predicted values
			Satisfaction		Correct classification percentage
			0.00	1.00	Correct classification percentage
Step1	Satisfaction	0.00	7	21	25.0
	Satisfaction	1.00	4	90	95.7
	Overall percentage				79.5
Step 2	Satisfaction	0.00	9	19	32.1
	Satisfaction	1.00	4	90	95.7
	Overall percentage				81.1

1 a. The cut value is 0.500

Variables in the equation