Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Assessing Seismic Risk in Sagaing City: A Case Study of Incremental Dynamic and Pushover Analyses on Multi-Span Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier Cover

Assessing Seismic Risk in Sagaing City: A Case Study of Incremental Dynamic and Pushover Analyses on Multi-Span Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier

Civil and Environmental Engineering
Volume 22 (2026): Issue 1 (March 2026)
By: Khin Thuzar Htay,  Masrilayanti Masrilayanti,  Jafril Tanjung and  Monita Olivia  
Open Access
|Mar 2026
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Example of IDA curve for pier under different earthquakes (Htay et al., 2025)

Figure 2:

Examples of Capacity Curve (Farhan, 2020)

Figure 3:

Multi-Span Reinforced Concrete Bridge (Unit in meter)

Figure 4:

Multi-span reinforced concrete bridge modeling by SeismoStruct 2022 (Seismosoft Earthquake Engineering Software Solutions, n.d.)

Figure 5:

Sagaing City Time History Curve

Figure 6:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Parkfield Earthquake

Figure 8:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Loma Prieta Earthquake

Figure 9:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Big Bear Earthquake

Figure 10:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Northridge-01 Earthquake

Figure 11:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Kobe Earthquake

Figure 12:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Duzce Turkey Earthquake

Figure 13:

Comparison of time history curves with Sagaing City and Iwate Japan Earthquake

Figure 14:

Incremental dynamic analysis curves of Pier 1

Figure 15:

Longitudinal direction capacity curve

Figure 16:

Transverse direction capacity curve

Earthquakes Used in Incremental Dynamic Analysis

No.YearName of EarthquakeMagnitude, [Mw]Joyner-Boore distance, Rjb [km]Damping [%]
11966Parkfield6.1917.645
21989Loma Prieta6.9311.035
31992Big Bear6.467.315
41994Northridge-016.6912.395
51995Kobe, Japan6.911.345
61999Duzce Turkey7.149.145
72008Iwate Japan6.911.685

Displacement results from pushover analysis

PierBase Shear [kN] atTarget displacement [m] atMaximum displacement [m] atYield displacement [m] atMaximum Drift [%]
x-directiony-directionx-directiony-directionx-axisy-axisx-axisy-axisx-axisy-axis
Pier1 350280.410.5 0.25530.5250.1350.1990.871.79
301893.19 0.350.25260.3520.1350.1880.860.46
Pier2 350287.220.55 0.25530.5250.1350.1990.601.23
301889.28 0.380.25260.3520.1350.1880.570.82
Pier3 350287.220.55 0.25530.5250.1350.1990.601.23
301889.28 0.380.25260.3520.1350.1880.570.82
Pier4 354232.460.6 0.25530.5250.1350.1990.551.13
301888.15 0.450.25260.3520.1350.1880.540.70

Bridge Pier Configurations

PierHeight [m]Pier cross-sectional dimensions [m]Longitudinal reinforcementTransverse reinforcement
SectionbhtMainStirrup
Pier1P1aP1b29.338Rectangular Hollow3.13.60.5140D22D16-100D13-250
Pier 2P2aP2b42.810Rectangular Hollow3.13.60.5112D22D16-100D13-250
Pier 3P3aP3b42.810Rectangular Hollow3.13.60.5112D22D16-100D13-250
Pier 4P4aP4b46.451Rectangular Hollow3.13.60.5100D13D16-100D16-250
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2026-0033 | Journal eISSN: 2199-6512 | Journal ISSN: 1336-5835
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 315 - 331
Submitted on: Aug 14, 2025
Accepted on: Oct 3, 2025
Published on: Mar 24, 2026
Published by: University of Žilina
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year
Keywords:
Incremental Dynamic Analysis,
Pushover Analysis,
Sagaing Fault
Related subjects:
Business and economics,
Political economics,
Economic theory, systems and structures,
Business management,
Industries,
Environmental management

© 2026 Khin Thuzar Htay, Masrilayanti Masrilayanti, Jafril Tanjung, Monita Olivia, published by University of Žilina
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 22 (2026): Issue 1 (March 2026)
Previous article
Next article