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Effect of Incorporating Hematite Powder on the Properties of High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete Cover

Effect of Incorporating Hematite Powder on the Properties of High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Open Access
|Jun 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Flowchart of the Experimental Work

Figure 2:

Grading of Coarse Aggregate

Figure 3:

Grading of Fine Aggregate

Figure 5:

Compressive Strength Test

Figure 6:

Splitting Test

Figure 7:

Modulus of Elasticity Test

Figure 8:

Effect of Steel Fiber on Compressive Strength (First Stage)

Figure 9:

Effect of Steel Fiber on Tensile Strength (First Stage)

Figure 10:

Effect of Hematite Powder on Compressive Strength (Second Stage)

Figure 11:

Effect of Hematite Powder on Tensile Strength (Second Stage)

Results of Compressive Strength (Second Stage)

Steel Fiber Ratio [%]Hematite Ratio [%]Tensile Strength [MPa]Increment Ratio [%]Shape of Steel Fiber
1.508.89-Mixed
1.50.59.041.68Mixed
1.519.082.13Mixed
1.51.59.163.03Mixed
1.52.59.264.16Mixed
1.53.58.590.96Mixed
1.558.450.94Mixed

Table caption, the numbering is automatic, use “Update Field”

PropertyResultsLimit
Initial setting time102More than 45 min.
Final setting time218Less than 600 min.
Compressive strength at 3 days14.5More than 8 MPa
Compressive strength at 7 days24.6More than 15 MPa

Properties of end-hooked steel fiber

Test ItemsSpecificationResults of TestRemarks
Tensile Fiber Strength [Mpa]≥ 11001185Passed
Fiber Length [mm]35 ± 0.5 %35.5Passed
Fiber Diameter [mm]0.55 ± 0.5 %0.51Passed
Aspect Ratio65 ± 569.6Passed
Qualified Rate of Shape [%]≥ 9098Passed
Content of Impurity≤ 10.1Passed

Results of Compressive Strength (First Stage)

Steel Fiber Ratio [%]Compressive Strength [MPa]Increment Ratio [%]Shape of Steel Fiber
065.53-Nil
0.566.631.67End hooked
168.174.03End hooked
1.573.5712.27End hooked
1.572.8811.21Corrugated
1.574.513.68Mixed

Results of Tensile Strength (First Stage)

Steel Fiber Ratio [%]Tensile Strength [MPa]Increment Ratio [%]Shape of Steel Fiber
06.55-Nil
0.57.108.39End hooked
17.6717.09End hooked
1.58.1223.96End hooked
1.58.0122.29Corrugated
1.58.8935.72Mixed

Results of Compressive Strength

Cube SymbolCompressive Strength [MPa]Average [MPa]
F0-168.766
F0-264.4
F0-365.2

Modulus of Elasticity (First Stage)

Steel Fiber Ratio [%]Hematite Ratio [%]Cylinder Compressive Strength [MPa]Modulus of Elasticity [MPa]Shape of Steel Fiber
1.50.566.434834Mixed
1.516835234Mixed
1.51.569.935654Mixed
1.52.572.736304Mixed
1.53.567.835454Mixed
1.5565.535034Mixed

Properties of corrugated steel fiber

Test ItemsSpecificationResults of TestRemarks
Tensile Fiber Strength [Mpa]1100 – 14001140Passed
Fiber Length [mm]30 ± 5 %31.4Passed
Fiber Diameter [mm]0.75 ± 0.5%0.76Passed
Aspect Ratio40 ± 5%41.31Passed
Qualified Rate of Shape [%]≥ 9098Passed
Content of Impurity≤ 10.1Passed

Typical properties of hematite powder

PropertyValue
AppearanceRed to brown powder
Specific gravityMin. 5.05
PH (1% Solution)Min. 6.5
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AlkalinityMax. 100 ppm
Mesh SizeMax 1.5% wt Retained by Mesh 200
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cee-2026-0026 | Journal eISSN: 2199-6512 | Journal ISSN: 1336-5835
Language: English
Page range: 606 - 619
Submitted on: Jul 19, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 27, 2025
Published on: Jun 19, 2026
Published by: University of Žilina
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 Mohammed S. Abdulhasan, Aqeel H. Chkheiwer, published by University of Žilina
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.