Experimental Characterization of Ultra-Fast Electromagnetic Transients Generated by a Cable Pulse Generator for Fusion Generator Simulation

This paper presents the experimental design and analysis of a cable pulse generator used as a simulator of ultra-output electromagnetic waves generated by a fusion generator. The aim of the research was to investigate the possibility of producing rectangular pulses of very short duration (in the nanosecond range) that correspond to the pulses generated by electron guns used in fusion systems. The cable generator consists of a high-voltage transformer, a 50 Ω coaxial water resistor, a 120 m high-voltage cable, and a three-electrode SF₆ spark gap. The generated pulses reached peak values up to 50 kV, with durations of 600 ns and rise times below 2 ns. The generator response was measured using a fast capacitive probe and a Kerr cell, and the quadratic deviations from the theoretical response were determined at 50 equidistant points along the rising, peak, and falling parts of the pulse. The obtained results demonstrate the high accuracy and stability of the cable generator, as well as its applicability for simulating electromagnetic pulses of fusion modulators and testing sensitive electronic equipment under extreme conditions.