References
- Abdel-Hafeez, H.M., Saleh, E.S., Tawfeek, S.S., Youssef, I.M.I., and A.S.A. Abdel-Daim. 2017. Effect of probiotic, prebiotic, and symbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Asian-Austral J. Anim. Sci. 30: 672–682.
- Abdelrahman, M.M. 2013. Effects of feeding dry fat and yeast culture on broiler chicken performance. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 37: 31–37.10.3906/vet-1106-17
- Ahiwe, E.U., Abdallh, M.E., Chang’a, E.P., Omede, A.A., Al-Qahtani, A., Gausi, H., Graham, H., and P.A. Iji. 2020. Influence of dietary supplementation of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast cell wall products on broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J. Anim. Sci. 33(4): 579–587.
- Amorim, M., Pereira, J. O., Gomes, D., Pereira, C.D., Pinheiro, H., and M. Pintado. 2016. Nutritional ingredients from spent brewer’s yeast obtained by hydrolysis and selective membrane filtration integrated in a pilot process. J. Food Eng. 185: 42–47.10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.03.032
- Aghdamshahriar, H., Nazer-adl, A., and A. Ahmadzadeh. 2006. The effect of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in replacement fish meal and poultry by product protein in broiler diets. XII European Poultry Conference, Verona, Italia.
- Bacha, U., Nasir, M., Ali, M.A., Muhammad, J., and A.A Sheikh. 2013. Review article: nucleotides supplementation improves various function of the body. J. Anim. Health Prod. 1: 1–5.
- Blok, M.C. and R. A. Dekker. 2017. Table ‘Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in feedstuffs for poultry’. CVB Documentation report nr. 61.10.18174/426333
- Ciurescu, G., Dumitru, M., Gheorghe, A., Untea, A.E., and R. Drăghici. 2020. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, bone mineralization, and bacterial population of broilers fed with different protein sources. Poult. Sci. 99(11): 5960–5971.
- Ciurescu, G., Toncea, I., Ropota, M. and M. Hăbeanu. 2018. Seeds composition and their nutrients quality of some pea (Pisum sativum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars. Rom. Agricult. Res. 35: 101–108.
- Chen, C.Y., Chen, S.W., and H.T. Wang. 2017. Effect of supplementation of yeast with bacteriocin and Lactobacillus culture on growth performance, caecal fermentation, microbiota composition, and blood characteristics in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 3: 211–220.
- Chollom, P.F., Okojokwu, O.J., Egbere, O.J., Ikeji, F.N., Yisa, A.G., Doma, U.D., and E.B. Agbo. 2017. Use of Spent Brewers’ Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in Feeds to Replace Soya Bean on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Internal Organs of Broiler Chickens. Researcher, 9(6): 40–44.
- Daghir, N.J., and T.K. Abdul-Baki. 1997. Yeast protein in broiler rations. Poult. Sci. 56: 1836–1841.10.3382/ps.0561836
- Ding, B., Zheng, J., Wang, X., Zhang, L., Sun, D., Xing, Q., Pirone, A., and B. Fronte. 2019. Effects of dietary yeast beta-1,3-1,6-glucan on growth performance, intestinal morphology and chosen immunity parameters changes in Haidong chicks. Asian-Australas J. Anim. Sci. 32: 1558–1564.
- Dos Santos Mathias, T.R., de Mello, P.P.M., and E.F.C Servulo. 2014. Solid wastes in brewing process: a review. J. Brew. Distilling. 5: 1–9.10.5897/JBD2014.0043
- Dumitru, M., Lefter, N., Idriceanu, L., Ciurescu, G., and M. Habeanu. 2021. Identification and characterization of Bacillus megaterium as probiotic bacteria in poultry feed. Scientific Papers: Animal Science and Biotechnologies (in press).
- Elghandour, M.M.Y., Tan, Z.L., Abu Hafsa, S.H., Adegbeye, M.J., Greiner, R., Ugbogu, E.A., Cedillo Monroy, J., and A.Z.M Salem. 2019. Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a probiotic feed additive to non and pseudo-ruminant feeding: A review. J. Appl. Microbiol., 128(3): 658–674.
- Gadde, U., Kim, W. H., Oh, S. T., Lillehoj, H. S. 2017. Alternatives to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency in poultry: a review. – Animal Health Research Reviews 18(1): 26–45.10.1017/S146625231600020728485263
- Gao, Z., Wu, H., Shi, L., Zhang, X., Sheng, R., Yin, F., and R. Gooneratne. 2017. Study of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, nutrition metabolism and intestinal microflora of 1 to 42 d broiler chickens. Anim. Nutr. 3: 109– 113.
- Haldar, S., Ghosh, T.K., Toshiwati, T.K., and M.R. Bedford. 2011. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and yeast protein concentrate on production performance of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress and challenged with Salmonella enteritidis. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 168: 61–71.10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.03.007
- Hung, A., Lin, S.Y., Yang, T.Y., Chou, C.K., Liu, H.C., Lu, J.J., Wang, B., Chen, S.Y., and T.F. Lien. 2012. Effects of Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050 on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and microflora composition in broiler chickens. Anim. Prod. Sci. 52: 874–879.
- Javadi, A., Mirzaei, H., Safarmashaei, S., and S. Vahdatpour. 2012. Effects of probiotic (live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on meat and intestinal microbial properties of Japanese quails. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 11: 12083–12087.10.5897/AJB12.232
- Kim, G.B., Seo, Y.M., Kim, C.H., and I.K. Paik. 2011. Effect of dietary prebiotic supplementation on the performance, intestinal microflora, and immune response of broilers. Poult. Sci. 90(1): 75–82.
- Li, Z., Wang, W., Lv, Z., Liu, D., and Y. Guo. 2017. Bacillus subtilis and yeast cell wall improve the intestinal health of broilers challenged by Clostridium perfringens. Br. Poult. Sci. 58(6): 635–643.
- Mountzouris, K.C., Tsirtsikos, P., Palamidi, I., Arvaniti, A., Mohnl, M., Schatzmayr, G., and K. Fegeros. 2010. Effects of probiotic inclusion levels in broiler nutrition on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma immunoglobulins, and cecal microflora composition. Poult. Sci. 89: 58–67.
- Mountzouris, K.C., Tsirtsikos, P., Kalamara, E., Nitsh, S., Schatzmayr, G., and K. Fegeros. 2007. Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poult. Sci. 86(2): 309–317.
- Munyaka, P.M., Echeverry, H., Yitbarek, A., Camelo-Jaimes, G., Sharif, S., Guenter, W. House, J.D. and J.C. Rodriguez Lecompte. 2012. Local and systemic innate immunity in broiler chickens supplemented with yeast-derived carbohydrates. Poult. Sci. 91(9): 2164–2172.
- Muthusamy, N., Haldar, S., Ghosh, T.K., and M.R., Bedford. 2011. Effects of hydrolysed Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and yeast cell wall components on live performance, intestinal histo-morphology and humoral immune response of broilers. Br. Poult. Sci., 52: 694–703.
- National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th rev. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
- Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU L 54), 2009. Commission Regulation (EC) No. 152/2009 Laying Down the Methods of Sampling and Analysis for the Official Control of Feed.
- Ogbuewu, I.P., Okoro, V.M., Mbajiorgu, E.F., and C.A. Mbajiorgu. 2019. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and its effect on production indices of livestock and poultry - a review. Comp. Clin. Path. 51(2): 669–677.
- Park, J. H., and I. H. Kim. 2014. Supplemental effect of probiotic Bacillus subtilis B2A on productivity, organ weight, intestinal Salmonella microflora, and breast meat quality of growing broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 93(8): 2054– 2059.
- Paryad, A, and M. Mahmoudi. 2008. Effect of different levels of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, blood constituents and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 3: 835–42.
- Reis, M.P., Fassani, E.J., Garcia Júnior, A.A.P., Rodrigues, P.B., Bertechini, A.G., Barrett, N., and C.J. Schmidt. 2017. Effect of Bacillus subtilis (DSM 17299) on performance, digestibility, intestine morphology, and pH in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 26: 573–583.
- Sauer, N., Mosenthin, R., and E. Bauer. 2011. The role of dietary nucleotides in single-stomached animals. Nutr. Res. Rev. 24: 46–59.10.1017/S095442241000032621226977
- Sen, S., Ingale, S.L., Kim, Y.W., Kim, J.S, Kim, K.H., Lohakare, J.D., Kim, E.K., Kim, H.S., Ryu, M.H., Kwon, I.K., and B.J. Chae. 2012. Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology. Res. Vet. Sci. 93: 264–268.
- Silva, V.K., Silva, J.D.T.D., Gravena, R.A., Marques, R.H., Hada, F.H., and V.M.B.D. Moraes. 2010. Yeast extract and prebiotic in pre-initial phase diet for broiler chickens raised under different temperatures. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 39: 165–174.10.1590/S1516-35982010000100022
- Sousa, R.F., Dourado, L.R.B., Lopes, J.B., Fernandes, M.L., Kato, R.K., Nascimento, D.C.N., Sakomura, N.K., Lima, S.B.P., and G.J.B.C. Ferreira. 2019. Effect of an enzymatic blend and yeast on the performance, carcass yield and histomorphometry of the small intestine in broilers from 21 to 42 days of age. Braz. J. Poult. Sci. 21: 1–6.
- Zhang, A.W., Lee, B.D., Lee, S.K., Lee, K.W., An, G.H., Song, K.B., and C.H. Lee. 2005. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell components on growth performance, meat quality, and ileal mucosa development of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 84(7): 1015–1021.
- Zhen, W., Shao, Y., Gong, X., Wu, Y., Geng, Y., Wang, Z., and Y. Guo. 2018. Effect of dietary Bacillus coagulans supplementation on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chickens challenged by Salmonella enteritidis. Poult. Sci. 97(8): 2654–2666.
- Zhou, M., Liang, R., Mo, J., Yang, S., Gu, N., Wu, Z., Sarath Babu, V., Li, J., Huang, Y.M., and L. Lin. 2018. Effects of brewer’s yeast hydrolysate on the growth performance and the intestinal bacterial diversity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Aquaculture. 484: 139–144.10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.11.006
- Waldroup, P. W., Fritts, C. A., and F. Yan. 2003. Utilization of biomos mannan oligosaccharide and Bioplex cooper in broiler diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2: 44–52.10.3923/ijps.2003.44.52
- Yalçinkaya, İ., Guengoer, T., Başalan, M., and E. Erdem. 2008. Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in broilers: Effects on performance and blood biochemistry. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 32: 43–48.