Physicochemical Characteristics and Nutritional Compositions of Some Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit Cultivars

Djaoudene, Ouarda; Bachir Bey, Mostapha; Louaileche, Hayette

doi:10.2478/aucft-2019-0016

Abstract

A comparative study was carried out for eight mature date fruit cultivars to assess physicochemical and nutritional values. Results showed that fruit and flesh weights and seed sizes indicated wide diversity among studied cultivars. The highest pH, acidity, and ash levels were obtained from Tazizaout and Oukasaba cultivars; protein contents varied from 0.47 (Tazizaout) to 0.31 g/100g DM (Delat), while free amino acids concentrations were found between 1.47 (Oukasaba) and 0.79 g/100g DM (Tazarzeit). Total carbohydrates were ranged from 96.28 to 84.51 g/100g DM. The date is low in fat, the highest concentration was 0.11 g/100g DM. Principal Component Analysis indicated that Ourous and Delat cultivars have specific characteristics and can be distinguished from the other cultivars.

References

1. Abbès, F., Bouaziz, M. A., Blecker, C., Masmoudi, M., Attia, H. & Besbes, S. (2011). Date syrup: effect of hydrolytic enzymes (pectinase/cellulase) on physico-chemical characteristics, sensory and functional properties. LWT-Food Sci Technol, 44(8), 1827-1834. DOI. 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.03.02010.1016/j.lwt.2011.03.020
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
2. Agomuo, E. & Amadi, P. (2018). Nutritional Properties of Oils from Various Parts of Three Varieties of Pears Consumed in South East Nigeria. Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology, 22(2), 3-12. DOI. https://doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2018-000710.2478/aucft-2018-0007
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
3. Ahmed, I. A., Ahmed, A. W. K. & Robinson, R. K. (1995). Chemical composition of date varieties as influenced by the stage of ripening. Food Chem, 54(3), 305-309. DOI. 10.1016/0308-8146(95)00051-J10.1016/0308-8146(95)00051-J
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
4. Al Tamim, E. A. (2014). Comparative study on the chemical composition of Saudi Sukkari and Egyptian Swei date palm fruits. J Amer Sci, 10(6), 149-153.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
5. Al-Farsi, M., Alasalvar, C., Al-Abid, M., Al-Shoaily, K., Al-Amry, M. & Al-Rawahy, F. (2007). Compositional and functional characteristics of dates, syrups, and their by-products. Food Chem, 104(3), 943-947.DOI. 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.05110.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.051
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
6. Al-Harrasi, A., Rehman, N. U., Hussain, J., Khan, A. L., Al-Rawahi, A., Gilani, S. A., Al-Broumi M. & Ali L. (2014). Nutritional assessment and antioxidant analysis of 22 date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) varieties growing in Sultanate of Oman. Asian Pac J Trop Med, 7, S591-S598. DOI. 10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60294-7.10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60294-7
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
7. Al-Shahib, W. & Marshall, R. J. (2003). The fruit of the date palm: its possible use as the best food for the future? Inter J Food Sci Nutr, 54(4), 247-259. DOI. 10.1080/0963748012009198210.1080/0963748012009198212850886
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
8. Amira, E. A., Guido, F., Behija, S. E., Manel, I., Nesrine, Z., Ali, F., Mohamed, H., Noureddine H. A. & Lotfi A. (2011). Chemical and aroma volatile compositions of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits at three maturation stages. Food Chem, 127(4), 1744-1754. DOI. 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.05110.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.051
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
9. Anese, M. & Suman, M. (2013). Mitigation strategies of furan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in food. Food Res Int, 51(1), 257-264. DOI. 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.02410.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.024
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
10. Assirey, E. A. R. (2015). Nutritional composition of fruit of 10 date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars grown in Saudi Arabia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 9(1), 75-79. DOI. 10.1016/j.jtusci.2014.07.00210.1016/j.jtusci.2014.07.002
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
11. Bates, L., Waldren, R. & Teare, I. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil, 39(1), 205-207. DOI.10.1007/BF0001806010.1007/BF00018060
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
12. Belitz, H., Grosch, W. & Schieberle, P. (2009). Fruits and fruit products. In H. D. Belitz, W. Grosch & P. Schieberle (Eds.), Food chemistry (pp. 807-861). Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. DOI. 10.1007/978-3-540-69934-7_1910.1007/978-3-540-69934-7_19
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
13. Birlangi, L. (2016). Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits. Int J Bioassays, 5(10), 4972-4976. DOI.10.21746/ijbio.2016.10.001110.21746/ijbio.2016.10.0011
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
14. Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem, 72(1-2), 248-254. 10.1016/0003-2697(76) 90527-310.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
15. Chandrasekaran, M. & Bahkali, A. H. (2013). Valorization of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology–Review. Saudi J Biol Sci, 20(2), 105-120. DOI. 10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.00410.1016/j.sjbs.2012.12.004
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
16. Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. t. & Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem, 28(3), 350-356. DOI. 10.1021/ac60111a01710.1021/ac60111a017
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
17. Elshibli, S. & Korpelainen, H. (2009). Biodiversity of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Sudan: chemical, morphological and DNA polymorphisms of selected cultivars. Plant Genet Resour, 7(2), 194-203. DOI. 10.1017/S147926210819748910.1017/S1479262108197489
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
18. FAOSTAT. (2018). Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Retrieved March 8, 2019, from http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
19. Fayadh, J. & Al-Showiman, S. (1990). Chemical composition of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). J. Chem. Soc. Pak, 12(1), 84-103.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
20. Ghnimi, S., Umer, S., Karim, A. & Kamal-Eldin, A. (2017). Date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.): An underutilized food seeking industrial valorization. NFS J, 6, 1-10. DOI. 10.1016/j.nfs.2016.12.00110.1016/j.nfs.2016.12.001
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
21. Hesami, A. & Abdi, G. (2010). Effect of some plant growth regulators on physiochemical characteristics of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Kabkab) fruit. American-Eurasian J Agric & Environ Sci, 7(3), 277-282.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
22. ISO 750. (1998). Determination of titratable acidity: fruit and vegetable products. Genève, Suisse: International Standard Organization.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
23. Jahromi, M. K., Jafari, A., Keyhani, A., Mirasheh, R. & Mohtasebi, S. (2007). Some physical properties of date fruit (cv. Lasht). Agric Eng Int CIGR J, FP 07 019. Vol. IX. 1-7.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
24. Lemine, F. M. M., Samb, A., Zein el Abidine, O. B., Ahmed, M. V. O. M., Djeh, T.-K. O. & Boukhary, A. O. M. S. O. (2014). Assessment of physicochemical diversity in fruit of Mauritanian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars. African J Agric Res, 9(28), 2167-2176. DOI. 10.5897/AJAR2013.825010.5897/AJAR2013.8250
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
25. Miller, G. L. (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Annal Chem, 31(3), 426-428. DOI. 10.1021/ac60147a03010.1021/ac60147a030
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
26. Mrabet, A., Ferchichi, A., Chaira, N. & Mohamed, B. S. (2008). Physico-chemical characteristics and total quality of date palm varieties grown in the southern of Tunisia. Pakistan J Biol Sci, 11(7), 1003-1008. DOI. 10.3923/pjbs.2008.1003.100810.3923/pjbs.2008.1003.1008
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
27. Myhara, R. M., Karkalas, J. & Taylor, M. S. (1999). The composition of maturing Omani dates. J Sci Food Agric, 79(11), 1345-1350. DOI. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-001010.1002/(SICI)1097-0010
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
28. Oancea, S. & Formaggio, F. (2008). Biological role of D-a-amino acids and their occurence in foodstuffs. Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis Series E: Food Technology, 12(1), 3-12.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
29. Parvin, S., Easmin, D., Sheikh, A., Biswas, M., Sharma, S. C. D., Jahan, M. G. S., Islam, M. A., Roy, N. & Shovon, M. S. (2015). Nutritional analysis of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in perspective of Bangladesh. Am J Life Sci, 3(4), 274-278. DOI. 10.11648/j.ajls.20150304.1410.11648/j.ajls.20150304.14
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
30. Rahimzadeh, N., Alizadeh, M. & Ghaemmaghami Hezaveh, S. J. (2014). Estimated bioaccessibility to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from frequently consumed dried fruits in Iran. J Chem Health Risks, 4(3), 15-23. DOI. 10.22034/JCHR.2018.544071a
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
31. Rastegar, S., Rahemi, M., Baghizadeh, A. & Gholami, M. (2012). Enzyme activity and biochemical changes of three date palm cultivars with different softening pattern during ripening. Food Chem, 134(3), 1279-1286. DOI. 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.20810.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.20825005944
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
32. Saafi, E. B., Trigui, M., Thabet, R., Hammami, M. & Achour, L. (2008). Common date palm in Tunisia: chemical composition of pulp and pits. Inter J Food Sci Technol, 43(11), 2033-2037. 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01817.x10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01817.x
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
33. Saeed, I. K., El-Rauof, F. A. & Dawoud, H. (2015). Physico-chemical Evaluation of Some Introduced Date Fruits cultivars grown under Sudanese conditions. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, 3(4), 731-736. DOI. 10.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.1399610.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.13996
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
34. Shar, G. Q., Memon, A. H., Makhija, P. M. J., Sahito, S. B. & Jatoi, W. B. (2012). Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Pollinated and Non Pollinated Date Fruit of District Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. Pakistan J Anal Environ Chem, 13(2), 107-117
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
35. Singh, V., Guizani, N., Al-Alawi, A., Claereboudt, M. & Rahman, M. S. (2013). Instrumental texture profile analysis (TPA) of date fruits as a function of its physico-chemical properties. Indus Crop Prod, 50, 866-873. DOI. 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.03910.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.039
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
36. Sulieman, A. M., Abd Elhafise, I. & Abdelrahim, A. (2012). Comparative study on five Sudanese date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit cultivars. Food Nutr Sci, 3(2), 1245-1251. DOI. 10.4236/fns.2012.39164.10.4236/fns.2012.39164
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
37. Thouri, A., Chahdoura, H., El Arem, A., Hichri, A. O., Hassin, R. B. & Achour, L. (2017). Effect of solvents extraction on phytochemical components and biological activities of Tunisian date seeds (var. Korkobbi and Arechti). BMC complement alternat med, 17(1), 248. DOI. 10.1186/s12906-017-1751-y10.1186/s12906-017-1751-y541876828472941
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
38. White, J. J. (1979). Spectrophotometric method for hydroxymethylfurfural in honey. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 62(3), 509-514.10.1093/jaoac/62.3.509
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
39. Yemm, E., Cocking, E. & Ricketts, R. (1955). The determination of amino-acids with ninhydrin. Analyst, 80(948), 209-214. DOI. 10.1039/an955800020910.1039/9558000209
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Physicochemical Characteristics and Nutritional Compositions of Some Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit Cultivars

Abstract

Paradigm

My account