Optimization of Patch Shape for FGM Plates Using The NSGA-II Algorithm

In advanced composite structures, optimizing patch shapes is an important step towards improving the mechanical performance of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs). The optimization of patch shapes was presented in this research for FGM plates using an evoltionary algorithm method specifically the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) with a Pareto front. The purpose of the optimization was to minimize the mode I stress intensity factor (K1), an important contributor to crack growth and the overall integrity of structure. A multi-objective optimization was conducted with multiple patch designs. K1 was reduced between 0.95% to 70% while maintaining the toughness of the plate some cases and varying the load condition on others. This suggests that the optimized patch shapes are capable of minimizing stress concentration and increasing the durability of FGM plates. This study has established a strong foundation for future research to be conducted on optimized patch shapes for FGMs.