Fig. 1.
CRISPR/Cas system mechanism of action
Fig. 2.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect produced by CRISPR/Cas13d that inhibits the replication of virus by crRNA-guided viral mRNA and genome degradation
Fig. 3.
Mechanism of ABACAS strategy. ABACAS strategy captures S protein of Coronavirus and successfully delivers the components of CRISPR into infected cells. CRISPR components then attack viral RNA and degrade it. This strategy also helps in preventing viral entry into cell
Table I
CRISPR/Cas systems for elimination and targeting HIV-1 provirus
| CRISSPR-Cas system used | Delivery method for CRISPR components | Targeted regions | Cell line or organism studied | Targeted locus | Efficiency | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SpCas9 | Transfection | LTR (U3 region) | 293T, Jurkat & Hela | 465–484 | 30–90% | [104] |
| SpCas9 | Transfection | LTR (U3 region) | CHME5, TZM-BI, & U937 | 101–127 312–341 | 30–90% | [105] |
| SpCas9 | Lentivirus | LTR (R region) | 293T-CD4-CCR5, hPSC, & 293 Primary T cells | 464–486 485–507 | 20–90% | [107] |
| SpCas9 | Transfection | Rev (the second exon) | JLat10.6 | 8513–8532 | 30% | [93] |
| SpCas9 | Lentivirus | Gag/ Pol/ Rev/ Env | SupT1 | 2249–2277 8497–8525 | 30–90% | [135] |
| SpCas9 | Lentivirus | LTR (U3 and R region) | J.Lat FL & SupT1 | 300–408 463–482 | 35–98% | [108] |
Fig. 4.
CRISPR-Cas strategy against herpes virus [108]
Fig. 5.
Limitations of CRISPR/Cas