Effects of combined abdominal draw-in maneuver and manual resistance during the supine bridge exercise on lumbo-pelvic muscle activity

Muscle activity (%MVIC)	ADIM	MR	ADIM + MR	F	p	η^²_p
GM	31.51 ± 7.15^a^, ^c (28.16~34.86)	67.30 ± 6.87^b (64.08~70.52)	71.85 ± 7.18 (68.49~75.21)	282.01	< 0.001*	0.937
ES	37.41 ± 7.68^a^, ^c (33.82~41.00)	74.21 ± 9.05 (69.97~78.45)	72.50 ± 8.47 (68.54~76.46)	458.44	< 0.001^*	0.960
IO	17.36 ± 4.52^a^, ^c (15.24~19.48)	38.52 ± 6.30^b (35.57~41.47)	48.48 ± 5.86 (45.74~51.22)	359.64	< 0.001*	0.950
Hamstring	30.54 ± 6.22^a^, ^c (27.63~33.45)	63.24 ± 8.69 (59.17~67.31)	61.86 ± 7.31 (58.44~65.28)	229.57	< 0.001*	0.924
GM/ES ratio	0.85 ± 0.14^c	0.92 ± 0.19^b	1.01 ± 0.19	8.22	0.006*	0.302

1 ADIM - abdominal draw-in maneuver, MR - manual resistance, ES - erector spinae, GM - gluteus maximus, IO - internal oblique, MVIC - maximal voluntary isometric contraction, SBE - supine bridge exercise

1a Significant differences between ADIM and MR conditions

1b Significant differences between MR and ADIM + MR conditions

1c Significant differences between ADIM and ADIM + MR conditions

1* p < 0.05

1 Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, with 95% confidence intervals shown in parentheses

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/advrehab-2026-0010 | Journal eISSN: 1734-4948

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