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The Influence of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Fertility Rates of the European Union Cover

The Influence of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Fertility Rates of the European Union

ACTA PROSPERITATIS
Volume 16 (2025): Issue 1 (November 2025)
By: Yuhong Gao  
Open Access
|Nov 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Monthly Changes in the Number of Newborns in EU Countries from October 2020 to June 2022, Compared with the Same Months Before the COVID-19 Pandemic Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.
Monthly Changes in the Number of Newborns in EU Countries from October 2020 to June 2022, Compared with the Same Months Before the COVID-19 Pandemic Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.

Figure 2.

Monthly Changes in the Average Number of Newborns and Fertility Rates in EU Countries from October 2020 to June 2022, Compared with the Same Months Before the COVID-19 Pandemic Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.
Monthly Changes in the Average Number of Newborns and Fertility Rates in EU Countries from October 2020 to June 2022, Compared with the Same Months Before the COVID-19 Pandemic Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.

Figure 3.

Fertility Rates and Forecasted Fertility Rates in Finland, Portugal, France, and the EU Average from January 2012 to June 2022 Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.
Fertility Rates and Forecasted Fertility Rates in Finland, Portugal, France, and the EU Average from January 2012 to June 2022 Source: HFD, Short-Term Fertility Fluctuations,https://www.humanfertility.org/Data/STFF Created by the author. Notes: The vertical lines in the chart represent the first year of births influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., October 2021.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acpro-2025-0005 | Journal eISSN: 3044-7259 | Journal ISSN: 1691-6077
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Language: English
Page range: 55 - 71
Published on: Nov 10, 2025
Published by: Turiba University Ltd
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
The European Union,
COVID-19 Pandemic,
Short-term Fertility Rate,
ARIMA Model
Related subjects:
Business and economics,
Business management,
Business development, change management, cooperation,
Law,
International law, foreign law, comparative law,
International law, foreign law, comparative law, other,
Social sciences,
Education,
Education, other,
Communication science,
Communication science, other

© 2025 Yuhong Gao, published by Turiba University Ltd
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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