Evaluation of the Effects of Transparent PV Glazing Application on Energy Use and Thermal Comfort in an Office room Through Annual Energy Simulations

WALIDUDA, Michał; NOWAK, Łukasz; SCHABOWICZ, Krzysztof

doi:10.2478/acee-2025-0050

Figures & Tables

Difference between traditional glazing and PV glazing on the energy balance of a building interior

Office room geometry (6.0 m x 4.0 m x 3.0 m) and analyzed WWR values (Window to Wall Ratio) for east, south and west façade orientation

Annual solar heat gains for the reference and PV glazing depending on the WWR value and façade orientation

Annual heating, cooling and lighting final (site) energy for reference and PV glazing depending on the WWR value and façade orientation

PV glazing energy balance (energy production and additional energy demand) depending on the WWR value and façade orientation

Office room simulation settings

Room parameter	Analyzed values
Location	Wroclaw, Poland (IMGW* weather data)
Dimensions (lenght x width x height)	6.0 m x 4.0 m x 3.0 m
External partition: –orientation: –wall –window	East, South or West oriented façade (no shading from surroundings)Internal plaster + AAC blocks 25 cm + XPS boards 15 cm + External plasterU-value = 0.17 W/(m²K), according to WT2021 standard [13]Reference window or PV window, both with U-value = 0.80 W/(m²K) in three cases: with WWR of 30%, 50% and 70%
Internal partitions: –walls –floors	Set as adiabatic (but its heat capacities were added to room thermal mass): drywall / 10 cm airgap / drywall concrete 20 cm
User schedule	Monday – Friday, 8:00 - 16:00 + overtime hours (with lower activity) inbetween 7:00-8:00 and 16:00-18:00
User density	0,1 person/m², according to EN 16798-1:2019 standard [14]
Internal gains: –User activity –Equipment –Computers	As for typical office use:127 W/person (1,2 Met, 70 W/m² – for typical office activity according to ISO 7730 standard [15])11.77 W/m²16.25 W/m²
Lighting	500 lx (typical for office spaces [16], according to EN 12464-1:2021 standard)
Thermal comfort: –Heating season –Cooling season	Users clothing insulation levels: 1.0 clo (winter) and 0.5 clo (summer)Design temperatures for II category spaces (according to EN 16798-1:2019 standard [14]):+21°C inbetween 5:00–19:00, outside this period may drop to +19°C+24°C, inbetween 5:00–19:00 outside this period may rise to +28°C
Technical systems: –Heating –Cooling –Ventilation –Ligthing	All relying on electricity from grid:Fan coil unit, Heating system seasonal CoP = 3.0Fan coil unit, Cooling system seasonal CoP = 3.0Mechanical, heat recovery 75%LEDs, power density 3.0 W/m²

Technical parameters of analyzed glazing units

Parameter	Reference glazing set (Reference)	Transparent photovoltaic glazing set (PV)
Thermal transmittance – U-value [W/(m²K)]	0.80	0.80
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient – SHGC [-]	0.47	0.42
Light Transmittance – LT [-]	0.66	0.25
Power Conversion Efficiency – PCE [%]	Not applicable	6.3%

Technical parameter of analyzed PV glazing

WWR (Window to Wall Ratio)	Glazing area [m²]	PV window peak power [W]
30%	3.6	226.8
50%	6.0	378.0
70%	8.4	529.2

Evaluation of the Effects of Transparent PV Glazing Application on Energy Use and Thermal Comfort in an Office room Through Annual Energy Simulations

Figures & Tables

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Office room simulation settings

Technical parameters of analyzed glazing units

Technical parameter of analyzed PV glazing

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