Figure 1.
![The Tree of Life (Sephirot) from Oedipus Aegyptiacus by Athanasius Kirchner (1652) [8]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=a915122fe09ce15151f1ad2598027f4249891e962d7d24860e414b2901ff93c2&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2.
![The cosmogonic organization of the world represented by spheres associated with Sephirot within Ein Sof (schema) [9]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=dbab62b87441c3868db9e96b07e8ef63109a161c5430decd35f965ac129030b5&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3.
![The cover of Zohar; Cremona, 1559–1560 [13]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=486e5cdbe3b6fbf1db9e14e604fd08f3614938c0f30c3d941c26c9ed831ec33c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4.
![Letters with assigned numerical values from the 16th-century treatise on Gematria [14]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=aed3fa2624992d5492ed7ca71d198841bbbf7cd6daa4edb6a6621d75527552aa&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5.
![The courtyard of the Abuhav synagogue; phot. R. Lindeman [24]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=217ac2429c7d58af91586123266015e400ecd5906144abb64d5823d1158dc67d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 6.
![The ceiling of the Abuhav synagogue with the representation of musical instruments; phot. H. Johnson [25]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=7cf6534eff5db439e1dc379debaae7ec0a21cfe844c00e56a9109d8933e9e536&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7.
![The Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue in Safed; phot. E. Dyan [43]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_007.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=c2cac73e119b93f3ea28e1a9a8d0bfee606ebaf33c388ce9b4db87443fb4f880&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8.
![The Ari Ashkenazi synagogue ark – upper parts with the representation of a lion and the Tree of Life; phot. R. Lindman [44]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=ce663ca30bfedb89406f436b51da1513e8c6bbf80f0a5b0c5b17a6081c74f4d9&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9.
![The Baal Shem Tov's beth midrash in Medzhybizh [51]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_009.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=3c936b48c30e86a1499e2573717270ff22c6323bb697275430790222a7996c3b&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 10.
![Hasidic synagogue in Chortkiv, 1910 [52]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_010.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=b8f47ea7ef547de382fb4d3717dd092e7a3ef832c47aedd977c2e1a8821017ad&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 11.
![Section of the synagogue in Hvizdets with crown-based shape of dome; draw. A. Breyer [57]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_011.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=92f1b1f337232b9ad82bb357380e648f088ecd7574412d33c5875e21cf0a8108&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 12.
![Double-headed eagle; polychromy in the Hodoriv Synagogue; phot. A. Breyer [58]. Public domain](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/68ed236481e1b93419696e64/j_acee-2025-0028_fig_012.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20251021%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20251021T085157Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=845010e8456a8570f3c04511c04f3c31481087fdcb77709d8f676d7a46171b8d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
© 2025 Tomasz Eugeniusz MALEC, published by Silesian University of Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.