Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Effects of deep breathing on anxiety, pain, and vital signs in patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration Cover

Effects of deep breathing on anxiety, pain, and vital signs in patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration

Open Access
|Jul 2026

References

  1. Chose C, Zervoudakis G, Karadimas T, et al. Minimally invasive treatment strategies for metastatic disease of the skeleton: current concepts. Curr Oncol Rep. 2025;27:935–950.
  2. Adetokunbo G. Optimising analgesia: evaluating anaesthesia’s role in bone marrow biopsy and aspiration. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; 2025. Institutional Repository Item. Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/10779/rcsi.28982384.v1. Accessed July 12, 2025.
  3. Lewis JE, Pozdnyakova O. Advances in bone marrow evaluation. Clin Lab Med. 2024;44:431–440.
  4. Lana JF, da Fonseca LF, Azzini G, et al. Bone marrow aspirate matrix: a convenient ally in regenerative medicine. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:2762.
  5. Liptrott SJ, Botti S, Bonifazi F, et al. Management of pain and anxiety during bone marrow aspiration: an Italian national survey. Pain Manag Nurs. 2021;22:349–355.
  6. Mehri M, Golitaleb M, Safdari A, et al. Effect of foot reflexology on pain, anxiety, and physiological indices in leukemia patients undergoing bone marrow aspiration: a randomized clinical trial study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2025;44:101427.
  7. Razmi S, Karajizadeh M, Zarei Fard S, Pourahmad S, Fazeli P, Bordbar N. The effect of distraction on pain management in children aged 5 to 12 years old with acute leukemia undergoing bone marrow aspiration. Health Sci Rep. 2025;8:e70634.
  8. Javdani M, Nikousefat Z, Heydarpour F. Analgesic and sedative effects of piroxicam, ketamine and lidocaine combined with local anesthesia for canine bone marrow aspiration. J Rep Pharm Sci. 2018;7:156–163.
  9. Ala-Sulkava H, Thapa M. Non-pharmacological methods to treat insomnia in elderly care nursing. 2023.
  10. Luo Q, Li X, Zhao J, Jiang Q, Wei D. The effect of slow breathing in regulating anxiety. Sci Rep. 2025;15:8417.
  11. Borzou SR, Akbari S, Falahinia G-H, Mahjub H. Effect of rhythmic breathing on pain intensity during insertion of vascular needles in hemodialysis patients. J Hayat. 2013;19:6–14.
  12. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults: Manual, Instrument, and Scoring Guide. Menlo Park, California, USA: Mind Garden, Inc; 1983.
  13. Kvaal K, Ulstein I, Nordhus IH, Engedal K. The Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI): the state scale in detecting mental disorders in geriatric patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005;20:629–634.
  14. Mahram B. Validity and Reliability of Spielberger Anxiety Test in Mashhad City. Tehran: Allame Tabatabayee University; 1998.
  15. Sharif-Nia H, Nazari R, Hajihosseini F, et al. The relationship of fear of pain, pain anxiety, and fearavoidance beliefs with perceived stress in surgical patients with postoperative kinesiophobia. BMC Psychol. 2025;13:420.
  16. Sharma A, Mestha NK, Kansal V, et al. To estimate the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among adults undergoing elective surgery at a tertiary care center: a cross-sectional study. J Mar Med Soc. 2026;28:142–146.
  17. Mendes FCO, Santos KVGD, Dantas JKDS, et al. Non-pharmacological strategies to reduce stress and anxiety in endovascular procedures: a scoping review. Nurs Open. 2024;11:e2105.
  18. Czarnecki ML, Turner HN, Collins PM, Doellman D, Wrona S, Reynolds J. Procedural pain management: a position statement with clinical practice recommendations. Pain Manag Nurs. 2011; 12:95–111.
  19. Kim H-Y, Lee M-N. Effects of non-pharmacological interventions for preoperative anxiety in surgical patient: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs. 2019;26: 248–259.
  20. Tola YO, Chow KM, Liang W. Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(23-24):3369—3384.
  21. Wang R, Huang X, Wang Y, Akbari M. Non-phar-macologic approaches in preoperative anxiety, a comprehensive review. Front Public Health. 2022;10:854673.
  22. Tyagi V, Tanwar N, Kumar N, Phogat N, Kumar P, Kumar V. Non-pharmaceutical interventions in cancer therapy. Curr Cancer Ther Rev. 2025;21:462–486.
  23. Martínez-González L, Olvera-Villanueva G, Villarreal-Ríos E. Effect of the deep breathing technique on the level of anxiety in older adults. Rev Enferm Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2018;26:99–104.
  24. Basaranoglu G, Basaranoglu M, Erden V, Delatioglu H, Pekel A, Saitoglu L. The effects of Valsalva manoeuvres on venepuncture pain. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2006;23:591–593.
  25. Ghasemi A, Gharavi Fard M, Sabzevari A. General anesthesia for lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration/biopsy in children with cancer. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol. 2013;3:54–58.
  26. Sushmitha S. Rapid Pre-Oxygenation Using High Flow Oxygen, Comparative Study between Tidal Volume Breathing and Deep Breathing. Kolar, Karnataka, India: SDUAHER; 2024.
  27. Gholamrezaei A, Van Diest I, Aziz Q, Vlaeyen JW, Van Oudenhove L. Psychophysiological responses to various slow, deep breathing techniques. Psychophysiology. 2021;58:e13712.
  28. Malhotra V, Gumashta J, Bhagat OL, Dhakar MJ, Sofia M, Patel MH. Comparative effects of Kapalb-hati and slow deep breathing on heart rate variability: mechanistic insights into sympathetic and parasympathetic dominance. Mymensingh Med J. 2025;34:256–264.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/FON-2026-0024 | Journal eISSN: 2544-8994 | Journal ISSN: 2097-5368
Language: English
Page range: 205 - 212
Submitted on: Sep 9, 2025
Accepted on: Oct 11, 2025
Published on: Jul 3, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Mostafa Javadi, Ali Parouhan, Seyedeh Esmat Hosseini, published by Shanxi Medical Periodical Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.