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First detection of Gongylonema species in Geotrupes mutator in Europe

Journal of Nematology
Volume 53 (2021): Issue 1 (January 2021)
By:
Open Access
|May 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Gongylonema sp. (1) Anterior portion of a specimen L3 without cuticular bosses and highlighting the lateral ala (La). (2) Central view of the cephalic end, highlighting the amphids (Am), 4 cervical papillae (Cp), 4 internal papillae (Ip), 6 inner lateral papilla (ILp), peribuccal collar (Pc) and cuticular plates on the margins of the buccal opening. (3) Detail of lateral alae (La) and excretory pore (Ep). (4) Details of excretory pore (Ep). (5) Posterior portion of a specimen L3 with a view of the cloacal opening (C) and details of caudal end (Tp). (6) Details of Cloaca (C).
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Gongylonema sp. (1) Anterior portion of a specimen L3 without cuticular bosses and highlighting the lateral ala (La). (2) Central view of the cephalic end, highlighting the amphids (Am), 4 cervical papillae (Cp), 4 internal papillae (Ip), 6 inner lateral papilla (ILp), peribuccal collar (Pc) and cuticular plates on the margins of the buccal opening. (3) Detail of lateral alae (La) and excretory pore (Ep). (4) Details of excretory pore (Ep). (5) Posterior portion of a specimen L3 with a view of the cloacal opening (C) and details of caudal end (Tp). (6) Details of Cloaca (C).

Figure 2:

(A) Phylogenetic analysis (MCC tree obtained using a Bayesian approach) of cox1 sequences (n = 47) from 10 different genera of nematodes. At specific branches, the values indicate the topological branch-support, as revealed by posterior probability values > 0.80. The branch defining the Gongylonema genus is indicated. The size bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The cox1 sequences obtained in the course of this study are highlighted in bold case. (B) Estimates of evolutionary divergence of cox1 over sequence pairs between groups. The analysis involved 16 Gongylonema sp. sequences.
(A) Phylogenetic analysis (MCC tree obtained using a Bayesian approach) of cox1 sequences (n = 47) from 10 different genera of nematodes. At specific branches, the values indicate the topological branch-support, as revealed by posterior probability values > 0.80. The branch defining the Gongylonema genus is indicated. The size bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The cox1 sequences obtained in the course of this study are highlighted in bold case. (B) Estimates of evolutionary divergence of cox1 over sequence pairs between groups. The analysis involved 16 Gongylonema sp. sequences.

Figure S1:

Supplementary document: (A) Multivariate principal coordinate analysis (PCOORD) for the dataset of sequences analysed in Maximum Likelihood tree, and that include G. aegypti, G. neoplasticum, G. nepalensis, and G. pulchrum, indicated by Y, O, N and P, respectively (used as references). The sequences obtained in the course of this study are indicated as Spain 1 and 2. The axes of this graph correspond to the two dimensions that were first extracted; together they cover over 66% of the total differences between the groups identified. (B) Phylogenetic analysis (Maximum Likelihood tree) of cox1 sequences (n = 18) amplified from Gongylonema nematodes. At specific branches, the values indicate the branch-support as revealed by bootstrap analysis, with values ≥ 75 defining high topological support. The size bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The d values above the G. neoplasticum, G. nepalensis and G. pulchrum indicate intra-species genetic distances.
Supplementary document: (A) Multivariate principal coordinate analysis (PCOORD) for the dataset of sequences analysed in Maximum Likelihood tree, and that include G. aegypti, G. neoplasticum, G. nepalensis, and G. pulchrum, indicated by Y, O, N and P, respectively (used as references). The sequences obtained in the course of this study are indicated as Spain 1 and 2. The axes of this graph correspond to the two dimensions that were first extracted; together they cover over 66% of the total differences between the groups identified. (B) Phylogenetic analysis (Maximum Likelihood tree) of cox1 sequences (n = 18) amplified from Gongylonema nematodes. At specific branches, the values indicate the branch-support as revealed by bootstrap analysis, with values ≥ 75 defining high topological support. The size bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The d values above the G. neoplasticum, G. nepalensis and G. pulchrum indicate intra-species genetic distances.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-050 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 9
Published on: May 21, 2021
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 times per year
Keywords:
Beetles,
Host-parasitic relationship,
Molecular biology,
Nematodes,
Spain
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2021 Daniel Bravo-Barriga, Manuel Martín-Pérez, Jorge M. Lobo, Ricardo Parreira, Juan Enrique Pérez-Martín, Eva Frontera, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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