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The potential of eugenol as a nematicidal agent against Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood Cover

The potential of eugenol as a nematicidal agent against Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood

Journal of Nematology
Volume 52 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)
By: Eleni Nasiou and  Ioannis O. Giannakou  
Open Access
|Nov 2020

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Molecular structure of eugenol.
Molecular structure of eugenol.

Figure 2:

Pot trial methodology on the contact and vapor effect of eugenol against M. javanica.
Pot trial methodology on the contact and vapor effect of eugenol against M. javanica.

Figure 3:

Effect of eugenol on M. javanica hatch, after immersion of egg masses at the dose rates of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 0 ppm for 35 days. Values are means of combined results from two experiments with five replicates each, since no significant differences were observed after ANOVA using the data of both experiments. Samples in boxplots contain a large amount of variation among the treatment means relative to the amount of variation within the treatment. F statistic is defined as: (variation among the treatment means)/(variation among individuals in the same treatment). F value is large indicating that the means are significantly different and is evidence against the null hypothesis that assumes equal means. F is zero only when all group means are the same.
Effect of eugenol on M. javanica hatch, after immersion of egg masses at the dose rates of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 0 ppm for 35 days. Values are means of combined results from two experiments with five replicates each, since no significant differences were observed after ANOVA using the data of both experiments. Samples in boxplots contain a large amount of variation among the treatment means relative to the amount of variation within the treatment. F statistic is defined as: (variation among the treatment means)/(variation among individuals in the same treatment). F value is large indicating that the means are significantly different and is evidence against the null hypothesis that assumes equal means. F is zero only when all group means are the same.

Figure 4:

Effect of eugenol on contact and vapor mortality of M. javanica J2 in the soil, at the dose rates of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 ppm at 20 to 22°C and 30°C. Values are means of combined data from two experiments with four replicates each, since no significant differences were observed after ANOVA using the data of both experiments Error bars represent the standard deviation of mean. Bars with the same letter indicate no significant differences according to LSD test; upper case letters refer to the contact bioassay, lower case letters to the vapor bioassay.
Effect of eugenol on contact and vapor mortality of M. javanica J2 in the soil, at the dose rates of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 ppm at 20 to 22°C and 30°C. Values are means of combined data from two experiments with four replicates each, since no significant differences were observed after ANOVA using the data of both experiments Error bars represent the standard deviation of mean. Bars with the same letter indicate no significant differences according to LSD test; upper case letters refer to the contact bioassay, lower case letters to the vapor bioassay.

Figure 5:

Numbers of females of M. javanica per gram of root after immersion in eugenol solutions at the dose rates of 0, 33.75, 67.5, 135, and 270 ppm for 24, 48, and 96 hr. Error bars represent the standard deviation of mean (n = 5). Bars having the same pattern with the same letter indicate no significant differences according to LSD test (P < 0.001).
Numbers of females of M. javanica per gram of root after immersion in eugenol solutions at the dose rates of 0, 33.75, 67.5, 135, and 270 ppm for 24, 48, and 96 hr. Error bars represent the standard deviation of mean (n = 5). Bars having the same pattern with the same letter indicate no significant differences according to LSD test (P < 0.001).

Effect of eugenol on the motility of Meloidogyne javanica J2 after immersion in test solutions at the doses of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62_5, and 0 ppm for 12, 24, 48, and 96 hr_

Exposure time (hr)
12244896
Dose (ppm)Dead J2 (%)Dead J2 (%)Dead J2 (%)Dead J2 (%)
00 d0.8 d1.3 d4.7 e
62.50.4 d1.6 d2.4 d10.7 d
1250.7 d2 d6.4 c19.8 c
2506.5 c6.9 c24.5 b80.8 b
50074.1 b92.2 b99.8 a100 a
100099.5 a100 a100 a100 a

Effect of eugenol on the differentiation of Meloidogyne javanica eggs, after immersion of undifferentiated eggs at different doses of 1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62_5, and 0 ppm_

Exposure time (21 days)
Dose (ppm)Eggs differentiation (%)
092.1 a
62.590.6 a
12590.5 a
25082.1 a
50066.2 b
100021.4 c
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-103 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 10
Published on: Nov 6, 2020
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Egg-differentiation,
Egg mass spp.,
, Sublethal doses activity,
Terpenes
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2020 Eleni Nasiou, Ioannis O. Giannakou, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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