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Morphological and molecular characterization of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands Cover

Morphological and molecular characterization of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands

Open Access
|Nov 2020

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images of second-stage juveniles of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A to D: En face view, E: Anterior part up to pharyngeal gland end, F to H: Labial region showing stylet and labial annuli, I: Total body, J to L: Anterior part showing median bulb, hemizonid, and secretory-excretory pore, M to Q: Tail region showing hyaline portion and anus.
Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images of second-stage juveniles of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A to D: En face view, E: Anterior part up to pharyngeal gland end, F to H: Labial region showing stylet and labial annuli, I: Total body, J to L: Anterior part showing median bulb, hemizonid, and secretory-excretory pore, M to Q: Tail region showing hyaline portion and anus.

Figure 2:

Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images of cysts and vulva cones of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A, E: In toto, lemon-shape cysts showing protruded vulva cones and bent necks, B to D, F to H: Vulva cones showing cone fenestration and vulva slits, I to L: Vulva cones showing anus, bullae, and underbridge.
Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images of cysts and vulva cones of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A, E: In toto, lemon-shape cysts showing protruded vulva cones and bent necks, B to D, F to H: Vulva cones showing cone fenestration and vulva slits, I to L: Vulva cones showing anus, bullae, and underbridge.

Figure 3:

Line illustrations of cysts and second-stage juveniles (J2) of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A: Whole cysts, B, C: Vulva cones showing cone fenestration, vulva slit, bullae, underbridge, and anus, D, F: Anterior part of J2 showing lip region, pharynx, hemizonid, and secretory excretory pore, E: Stylet of J2, G to I: Tail region of J2 showing lateral field differentiation, anus, phasmid, and tail hyaline portion.
Line illustrations of cysts and second-stage juveniles (J2) of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. A: Whole cysts, B, C: Vulva cones showing cone fenestration, vulva slit, bullae, underbridge, and anus, D, F: Anterior part of J2 showing lip region, pharynx, hemizonid, and secretory excretory pore, E: Stylet of J2, G to I: Tail region of J2 showing lateral field differentiation, anus, phasmid, and tail hyaline portion.

Figure 4:

Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 33 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of D2-D3 of 28S rDNA sequences under GTR + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.
Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 33 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of D2-D3 of 28S rDNA sequences under GTR + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.

Figure 5:

Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 54 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of partial ITS of rDNA sequences under GTR + I + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.
Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 54 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of partial ITS of rDNA sequences under GTR + I + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.

Figure 6:

Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 29 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of COI of mtDNA sequences under GTR + I + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.
Phylogenetic relationships of Heterodera dunensis n. sp. with 29 known Heterodera species. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree as inferred from the analysis of COI of mtDNA sequences under GTR + I + G model. Posterior probabilities of more than 0.5 are given for appropriate clades.

Comparison of important characters of seventeen Heterodera species of the Schachtii group_

CharacterCyst length (L)Cyst width (W) L/W ratioFenestral lengthFenestral widthVulval slit lengthJ2 body lengthJ2 stylet lengthJ2 tail lengthJ2 tail hyaline lengthHyaline% of the tail
H. agrostis 429-800320-5411.2-2.634-5416-2439-48384-47225-2646-6127-4059-66
H. betae 830-878455-5181.6-1.944-5538-4348-57547-60729-3170-7438-4254-57
H. cajani 448-670209-4221.4-2.127-6525-4043-55420-51922-2742-5223-3155-60
H. ciceri 570-930350-5501.6-2.432-5220-3743-60440-58527-3053-7231-4258-58
H. daverti 650-749380-4911.4-1.542-5431-4047-52457-47625-2654-5730-3356-58
H. dunensis n. sp. 316-610 241-478 1.2-1.9 37-51 34-53 35-63 426-520 27-31 35-45 16-23 46-51
H. galeopsidis 576-797408-5561.4-1.541-5031-3839-50485-55326-2861-7535-4057-53
H. glycines 474-709327-5351.3-1.734-5816-4138-50386-47121-2339-5122-3056-59
H. lespedezae 678-719371-5221.4-1.843-5935-4145-47457-48124-2554-5626-3048-54
H. medicaginis 568-728364-5701.4-1.539-5530-4039-55417-51224-2641-6022-3354-55
H. mediterranea 430-690240-5701.2-1.638-4537-4242-48360-43025-2738-4519-2650-58
H. rosii 537-1173403-6341.0-1.748-6540-4545-59430-66227-3458-7737-4564-58
H. schachtii 768-815512-5291.5-1.635-3825-3141-44436-48925-2645-4924-2753-55
H. sonchophila 732-1032381-6161.637-5829-5042-56437-49224-2747-5626-3055-54
H. spiraeae 467-861283-5661.1-1.733-6020-4539-45371-44622-2339-4921-2754-55
H. swarupi 520-700320-4751.6-2.1453541400-44021-2339-5420-2951-54
H. trifolii 608-841341-5361.3-1.843-5333-4440-53492-61325-2860-7232-3753-51

Morphometric data of Heterodera dunensis n_ sp_ from fixed specimens mounted in glycerin, except for cysts that were not fixed_

Cysts
n 21
 Length without neck (L)482  ±  75 (316-610)
 Maximum cyst width (W)360 ± 72.1 (241-478)
 Neck length110 ± 31.9 (55-180)
L/W 1.4 ± 0.2 (1.2-1.9)
Vulval area
n 13
 Fenestral length42.1 ± 4.3 (37-51)
 Mean semifenestral width41.8 ± 5.2 (34-53)
 Vulva bridge width8.1 ± 1.6 (5.2-11)
 Vulva slit length52.1 ± 7.3 (35-63)
 Underbridge length63.4 ± 9.8 (44-83)
 Underbridge width18.2 ± 6.2 (8.8-29)
 Vulva-anus distance58.4 ± 5.7 (50-68)
Juveniles
n 21
 Body length (L)471 ± 25.3 (426-520)
a = L/MBD20.1 ± 1.4 (19-23)
b = L/Anterior end to pharynx-intestine junction3.6 ± 0.4 (3.1-4.8)
b′ = L/Anterior end to the end of pharyngeal gland2.7 ± 0.2 (2.4-3.1)
c = L/Tail length11.6 ± 0.6 (11-12)
c′ = Tail length/ABD33.6 ± 2.6 (27-39)
 Stylet length29.1 ± 1.1 (27-31)
 Stylet knob width6.4 ± 0.4 (5.9-7)
 Lip region height4.8 ± 0.3 (4.3-5.3)
 Lip region width9.1 ± 0.4 (8.6-10)
 Dorsal gland opening from stylet base3.7 ± 0.4 (3.2-4.4)
 Anterior end to median valve74.2 ± 2.4 (70-79)
 Anterior end to secretory-excretory pore109 ± 3.9 (101-117)
 Anterior end to pharynx-intestine junction131 ± 11.1 (103-155)
 Anterior end to pharyngeal gland end177 ± 9.2 (156-193)
 Maximum body diameter (MBD)23.5 ± 1.4 (21-26)
 Anal body diameter (ABD)14.1 ± 0.8 (13-16)
 Tail length40.7 ± 2.4 (35-45)
 Hyaline tail length20.6 ± 1.9 (16-23)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-098 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 14
Published on: Nov 24, 2020
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2020 Phougeishangbam Rolish Singh, Gerrit Karssen, Marjolein Couvreur, Wim Bert, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.