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Integrative taxonomy of Xiphinema histriae and Xiphinema lapidosum from Spain

Journal of Nematology
Volume 51 (2019): Issue 1 (January 2019)
By:
Open Access
|Jul 2019

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Light micrographs of Xiphinema histriae (Lamberti et al., 1993a, 1993b). Females: A, Pharynx; B to D, Lip regions; E to G, I, J, Tail region; H, Gonad; K, L, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; Juveniles: M to O, Tail region of 2nd, 3rd and 4th stage juveniles; Males: P, Tail region of male. Abbreviations: a, anus; cb, crystalloid bodies; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sp, spicule; spl, supplements; v, vulva. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B-D = 15 μm; E–G, I, J = 20 μm; H = 65 μm; K = 10 μm; L = 20 μm; M–O = 10 μm; P = 20 μm.)
Light micrographs of Xiphinema histriae (Lamberti et al., 1993a, 1993b). Females: A, Pharynx; B to D, Lip regions; E to G, I, J, Tail region; H, Gonad; K, L, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; Juveniles: M to O, Tail region of 2nd, 3rd and 4th stage juveniles; Males: P, Tail region of male. Abbreviations: a, anus; cb, crystalloid bodies; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sp, spicule; spl, supplements; v, vulva. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B-D = 15 μm; E–G, I, J = 20 μm; H = 65 μm; K = 10 μm; L = 20 μm; M–O = 10 μm; P = 20 μm.)

Figure 2:

Relationship of body length to length of functional and replacement odontostyle (▴=Odontostyle and •=Replacement odontostyle); length in three developmental stages and mature females of Xiphinema histriae.
Relationship of body length to length of functional and replacement odontostyle (▴=Odontostyle and •=Replacement odontostyle); length in three developmental stages and mature females of Xiphinema histriae.

Figure 3.

Light micrographs of Xiphinema histriae paratypes (Lamberti et al., 1993a, 1993b). Female: A, Lip region; B, C, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; D, Tail region. Abbreviations: a, anus; cb, crystalloid bodies; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ. (Scale bars: A = 15 μm; B, C = 10 μm; D = 20 μm.)
Light micrographs of Xiphinema histriae paratypes (Lamberti et al., 1993a, 1993b). Female: A, Lip region; B, C, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; D, Tail region. Abbreviations: a, anus; cb, crystalloid bodies; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ. (Scale bars: A = 15 μm; B, C = 10 μm; D = 20 μm.)

Figure 4:

Light micrographs of Xiphinema lapidosum (Roca and Bravo, 1993). Females: A, Pharynx; B to C, Lip regions; D, Gonad; E, F, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; G, H, Tail regions; Males: I, Tail region of male; Juveniles: J to L, Tail region of 2nd, 3rd and 4th stage juveniles. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sb, sclerotized bodies; sp, spicule; spl, supplements; v, vulva. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B, C  = 15 μm; D = 65 μm; E–I = 20 μm; J–L = 10 μm.)
Light micrographs of Xiphinema lapidosum (Roca and Bravo, 1993). Females: A, Pharynx; B to C, Lip regions; D, Gonad; E, F, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; G, H, Tail regions; Males: I, Tail region of male; Juveniles: J to L, Tail region of 2nd, 3rd and 4th stage juveniles. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sb, sclerotized bodies; sp, spicule; spl, supplements; v, vulva. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B, C  = 15 μm; D = 65 μm; E–I = 20 μm; J–L = 10 μm.)

Figure 5:

Relationship of body length to length of functional and replacement odontostyle (▴= Odontostyle and •=  Replacement odontostyle); length in three developmental stages and mature females of Xiphinema lapidosum.
Relationship of body length to length of functional and replacement odontostyle (▴= Odontostyle and •=  Replacement odontostyle); length in three developmental stages and mature females of Xiphinema lapidosum.

Figure 6:

Light micrographs of Xiphinema lapidosum paratypes (Roca and Bravo, 1993). Female: A, Pharynx; B, Lip region; C, D, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; E, F, Tail regions; Males: G, Tail region of male. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sp, spicule; spl, supplements. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B = 15 μm; C-G = 20 μm.)
Light micrographs of Xiphinema lapidosum paratypes (Roca and Bravo, 1993). Female: A, Pharynx; B, Lip region; C, D, Details of pseudo-Z-organ; E, F, Tail regions; Males: G, Tail region of male. Abbreviations: a, anus; gr, guiding ring; psZ, pseudo-Z-organ; sp, spicule; spl, supplements. (Scale bars: A = 40 μm; B = 15 μm; C-G = 20 μm.)

Figure 7:

Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from D2 to D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G) (lnL = 11,543.7822; AIC = 23,383.5644; freq A = 0.2502; freq C = 0.2298; freq G = 0.2995; freq T = 0.2205; R(a) = 0.9908; R(b) = 2.7656; R(c) = 2.4778; R(d) = 0.4894; R(e) = 4.2554; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from D2 to D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G) (lnL = 11,543.7822; AIC = 23,383.5644; freq A = 0.2502; freq C = 0.2298; freq G = 0.2995; freq T = 0.2205; R(a) = 0.9908; R(b) = 2.7656; R(c) = 2.4778; R(d) = 0.4894; R(e) = 4.2554; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.

Figure 8:

Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from ITS1 rRNA gene sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G) (lnL = 6,024.1284; AIC = 12,068.2568; freq A = 0.2316; freq C = 0.2224; freq G = 0.3009; freq T = 0.2451; R(a) = 0.7019; R(b) = 4.6043; R(c) = 2.0272; R(d) = 0.6248; R(e) = 7.4428; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from ITS1 rRNA gene sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G) (lnL = 6,024.1284; AIC = 12,068.2568; freq A = 0.2316; freq C = 0.2224; freq G = 0.3009; freq T = 0.2451; R(a) = 0.7019; R(b) = 4.6043; R(c) = 2.0272; R(d) = 0.6248; R(e) = 7.4428; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.

Figure 9:

Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CoxI) gene sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G), (lnL = 8,561.5874; AIC = 17,347.1747; freq A = 0.3687; freq C = 0.1301; freq G = 0.1382; freq T = 0.3630; R(a) = 3.3231; R(b) = 22.8405; R(c) = 2.0144; R(d) = 10.5400; R(e) = 75.4228; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Phylogenetic relationships within the Xiphinema non-americanum group complex. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CoxI) gene sequence alignment under the general time-reversible model of sequence evolution with correction for invariable sites and a gamma-shaped distribution (GTR + I + G), (lnL = 8,561.5874; AIC = 17,347.1747; freq A = 0.3687; freq C = 0.1301; freq G = 0.1382; freq T = 0.3630; R(a) = 3.3231; R(b) = 22.8405; R(c) = 2.0144; R(d) = 10.5400; R(e) = 75.4228; R(f) = 1.0000). Posterior probabilities greater than 0.70 are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences in this study are shown in bold. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-037 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 21
Submitted on: Apr 23, 2019
Published on: Jul 29, 2019
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
First record,
Juvenile stages,
Molecular,
Morphology,
Morphometrics,
Phylogeny
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2019 Ruihang Cai, Antonio Archidona-Yuste, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Juan E. Palomares-Rius, Jingwu Zheng, Pablo Castillo, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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