Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Effect of fosthiazate on control of H_ glycines in the pot experiment_
| Treatment | Amount of fosthiazate (a.i.) (mg) | Average number of cyst | Population decrease (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water | 0 | 412 a | |
| 0.5% DMSO | 0 | 432 a | |
| 2.18 mg/l | 0.0044 | 389 ab | 5.43 |
| 5.45 mg/l | 0.0109 | 232 bc | 43.64 |
| 13.62 mg/l | 0.0272 | 194 c | 53.00 |
| 34.04 mg/l | 0.0681 | 135 cd | 67.21 |
| 85.10 mg/l | 0.1702 | 9 d | 97.94 |
Mortality rate (%) of H_ glycines J2 at different durations after exposure to different concentrations of fosthiazate_
| Exposure time (hr) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concentration (mg/l) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 |
| 13.62 | 2.86 ± 0.74 a | 9.80 ± 1.15 a | 19.48 ± 2.29 a | 32.96 ± 3.81 a | 73.04 ± 2.52 a | 86.35 ± 1.33 a |
| 8.61 | 1.97 ± 0.86 ab | 7.96 ± 0.85 a | 13.54 ± 0.48 b | 26.32 ± 2.04 b | 67.23 ± 3.14 b | 79.77 ± 2.72 b |
| 5.45 | 1.55 ± 0.61 abc | 5.07 ± 0.90 b | 10.90 ± 0.86 bc | 22.64 ± 1.22 b | 39.15 ± 1.68 c | 66.82 ± 3.26 c |
| 3.44 | 2.24 ± 0.70 ab | 5.17 ± 0.99 b | 8.10 ± 1.16 cd | 11.18 ± 1.62 c | 21.35 ± 1.88 d | 48.39 ± 1.93 d |
| 2.18 | 0.89 ± 0.60 bc | 4.29 ± 1.20 bc | 6.41 ± 0.98 d | 6.41 ± 0.98 cd | 10.01 ± 0.65 e | 13.43 ± 0.57 e |
| 0.5% DMSO | 0.52 ± 0.52 bc | 1.93 ± 1.00 cd | 1.90 ± 0.73 e | 2.27 ± 0.68 de | 2.27 ± 0.68 f | 3.23 ± 0.80 f |
| Water | 0.00 ± 0.00 c | 0.00 ± 0.00 d | 0.00 ± 0.00 e | 0.00 ± 0.00 e | 0.00 ± 0.00 f | 0.00 ± 0.00 f |
Toxicity of fosthiazate to H_ glycines J2 at different treatment exposure time_
| Exposure time (h) | Slope(±SE) | Correlation coefficient | LC50 (95%CI) | LC90 (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 0.54 (± 0.10) | 0.95 | 3912.59 (317.10−48275.85) | 941773.86 (9,541.28−92957,985.01) |
| 8 | 1.38 (± 0.18) | 0.98 | 25.00 (16.53−37.80) | 212.43 (83.90−537.87) |
| 12 | 2.65 (± 0.44) | 0.97 | 4.41 (3.53−5.50) | 13.41 (9.36−19.20 ) |
Lengths of H_ glycines J2 at 60 h after replaced fosthiazate with distilled water
| Length (µm) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Stylet | Esophageal glands to head | Hyaline region | Entire body |
| Fosthiazate | 24.16 ± 0.41 b | 155.11 ± 3.74 b | 57.98 ± 1.13 a | 371.77 ± 10.97 b |
| Water | 25.77 ± 0.33 a | 199.48 ± 2.03 a | 27.99 ± 0.59 b | 501.04 ± 8.44 a |