Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Measurements (in µm) and ratios of the development stages of Bursaphelenchus crenati_
| Stage/Character | J2→J3 male | J2→J3 female | J3→J4 male | J3→J4 female | J4→male | J4→female | Dauer J3D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 16 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 5 | 17 | 20 |
| L | 347 ± 7 | 323 ± 86 | 370 ± 3 | 377 ± 10 | 596 ± 91 | 544 ± 69 | 413 ± 20 |
| (338–354) | (181–410) | (366–374) | (364–398) | (532–660) | (433–614) | (392–463) | |
| Body width | 9 ± 1 | 10 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 1 | 16 ± 0.3 | 13 ± 3 | 8 ± 1 |
| (8–10) | (8–14) | (9–13) | (11–13) | (14–17) | (9–17) | (6–9) | |
| Pharynx | 107 ± 4 | 103 ± 21 | 110 ± 5 | 110 ± 5 | 112 ± 9 | 117 ± 6 | 119 ± 9 |
| (104–112) | (65–116) | (105–115) | (102–117) | (105–118) | (109–123) | (101–128) | |
| Pharyngeal gland | 49 ± 5 | 51 ± 1 | 49 ± 4 | 48 ± 4 | 46 ± 1 | 48 ± 6 | 43 ± 7 |
| (44–56) | (49–53) | (44–55) | (41–54) | (45–47) | (40–55) | (35–55) | |
| Stylet | 7 ± 1.2 | 8 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 | 9 ± 0.7 | 9 ± 0.4 | 9 ± 1.4 | 9.4 ± 0.4 |
| (6–9) | (6–9) | (6–8) | (8–10) | (9–10) | (8–11) | (9–10) | |
| Lip region width | 5.0 ± 0.3 | 5 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 5 ± 0.6 | 5 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 4.8 ± 1.0 |
| (4–5) | (4–6) | (4.8–6.0) | (4–6) | (5–6) | (5–6) | (4–7) | |
| Lip region height | 3 ± 0.3 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 3 ± 0.3 | 3 ± 1 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.3 |
| (2–3) | (2–3) | (2.3–2.5) | (2–3) | (2–3)– | (2–3) | (2.5–4) | |
| Median bulb from | 46 ± 1 | 45 ± 8 | 47 ± 0.1 | 47 ± 3 | 46 ± 12 | 53 ± 3 | 49 ± 2 |
| Anterior | (45–47) | (31–50) | (46–48) | (40–50) | (38–54) | (51–58) | (45–51) |
| Median bulb length | 11 ± 1.2 | 11 ± 0.9 | 12 ± 1 | 12 ± 1 | 13 ± 1 | 13 ± 0.2 | 11 ± 2 |
| (10–13) | (10–12) | (11–13) | (10–13) | (12–14) | (12.5–13.5) | (9–15) | |
| Median bulb width | 9 ± 1.1 | 8 ± 1.5 | 10 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 10 ± 1 | 8 ± 2 |
| (8–10) | (6–10) | (9–11) | (7–10) | (9.5–10.0) | (9–11) | (6–10) | |
| Excretory pore | 51 ± 1 | 50 ± 8 | 53 ± 2 | 54 ± 4 | 52 ± 12 | 58 ± 3 | 40 ± 3 |
| from anterior | (50–52) | (37–56) | (51–54) | (45–59) | (44–61) | (54–62) | (37–44) |
| Tail | 22 ± 4 | 21 ± 6 | 22 ± 1 | 26 ± 1.5 | 28 ± 5 | 28 ± 3 | 37 ± 3 |
| (20–28) | (11–27) | (21–24) | (24–28) | (25–32) | (23–31) | (30–41) | |
| Anal body width | 8 ± 0.4 | 8 ± 3 | 11 ± 2 | 11 ± 1.1 | 11 ±3 | 10.1 ±0.9 | 8 ± 1 |
| (7–8) | (5–12) | (8–13) | (10–13) | (9–13) | (9–11) | (5–9) | |
| Genital primordium | 18 ± 4 | 10 ± 3 | 20 ± 2 | 18 ± 5 | 158 ± 138 | 197 ± 105 | 14.8 ± 2.1 |
| Length (GPL) | (14–23) | (6–14) | (17–22) | (13–28) | (60–255) | (122–369) | (11–18) |
| Genital primordium | 5 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | 4.8 ± 05 | 5 ± 1 | 10 ±5 | 9 ± 3 | 3.9 ± 0.4 |
| Width (GPW) | (4–5) | (3–7) | (4.0–5.3) | (3–6) | (6–13) | (7–14) | (3–5) |
| Spicule length | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Along arc | |||||||
| a | 40 ± 5 | 34 ± 8 | 34.8 ± 5.2 | 32 ± 2 | 39 ± 12 | 41.5 ± 4.6 | 54 ± 8.3 |
| (34–46) | (22–41) | (28.4–41.8) | (29–35) | (31–48) | (36.8–48.9) | (44.6–69.6) | |
| b | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 6.1–0.2 | 9.1 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.6 | 5.5 ± 0.4 |
| (5.7–6.4) | (4.8–6.4) | (5.9–6.3) | (5.8–6.5) | (8.9–9.2) | (6.7–8.3) | (5.1–6.4) | |
| b’ | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ±0.5 | 3.5 ±0.3 |
| (3.1–3.3) | (2.8–3.6) | (3.2–3.6) | (3.1–3.7) | (5.1–5.6) | (4.0–5.2) | (3.0–4.1) | |
| c | 16.0 ± 2.5 | 15.6 ± 0.6 | 16.6 ± 0.9 | 14.8 ± 0.8 | 21.1 ± 0.9 | 19.7 ± 1.7 | 11.2 ± 0.9 |
| (12.4–17.9) | (14.7–16.2) | (15.1–17.3) | (13.8–1.58) | (20.5–21.7) | (18.0–22.3) | (9.9–13.2) | |
| c’ | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.6 ±0.1 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 4.7 ± 0.5 |
| (2.4–3.4) | (2.2–3.4) | (1.7–2.5) | (2.0–2.8) | (2.6–2.7) | (2.3–3.2) | (4.3–5.5) | |
| V % or (V): genital primordium center from anterior, to body length, in % | 61 ± 2 | 64 ± 3 | 62 ± 1 | 66 ± 2 | 52 ± 3 | 73.2 ± 1.6 | 62 ± 5 |
| (59–64) | (59–68) | (60–64) | (63–68) | (49–54) | (70.5–74.3) | (56–72) | |
| GPL/GPW | 4.0 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ±1 | 15 ± 6 | 20 ± 4 | 3.8 ± 0.5 |
| (3.0–5.4) | (1.5–2.9) | (3.9–4.5) | (2.7–6.1) | (10–19) | (16–27) | (3–4.5) | |
| GPL/L, % | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 3.3 ± 1.0 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 5 ± 1 | 25 ± 19 | 35.3 ±15.2 | 4 ± 1 |
| (4.2–6.6) | (1.8–4.3) | (4.5–5.9) | (4–7) | (11–39) | (24.3–60.0) | (3–5) | |
| Lip region length to its | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.3 |
| Width | (1.6–2.3) | (1.6–2.4) | (2.0–2.6) | (1.6–2.4) | (1.7–2.5) | (1.8–2.0) | (1.4–2.4) |
| Median bulb length to | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 |
| Its width | (1.1–1.6) | (1.3–1.7) | (1.2–1.3) | (1.0–1.4) | (1.2–1.4) | (1.2 ± 1.4) | (1.1–1.7) |
Tabular key to juvenile stages of Bursaphelenchus crenati_
| C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stage/Character | Copulative structures | Average body size, in µm | Ratio: genital primordium to body length, in % | Genital primordium cellular structure | Cloaca primordium or cloaca around rectum | Genital primordium somatic part: a division to sections |
| J2 | Absent | 170 (150–180) | 4 | Small with two large germinal cells in center | Absent | Absent |
| J3 male | Absent | 370 (340–400) | 5 (4–7) | 2–5 large germinal cells in the posterior part of primordium, 12 small somatic nuclei in anterior part | Present | Absent |
| J3 female | Absent | 380 (340–400) | 4 (3–4) | 2–5 large germinal cells in the anterior part of primordium, 12 small somatic nuclei in posterior part | Absent | Absent |
| J4 male | Absent | 460 (380–530) | 18 (11–25) | 20–60 large germinal cells in anterior part of primordium and 30–60 somatic cells in posterior part | Present | Absent |
| J4 female | Absent | 490 (480–510) | 27 (16–33) | 20–60 large germinal cells in anterior part of primordium and 30–60 somatic cells in posterior part | Absent | Absent |
| Male, adult | Paired spicules in cloaca, at tail end | 700 (610–800) | 67 (58–72) | More than 60 germinal cells in anterior part | Present | Absent |
| Female, adult | Vulva at 75% body length from anterior end | 840 (750–1100) | 62 (55–71) | More than 60 germinal cells in anterior part | Absent | Present |