Figure 1
Evolution of Forward Participation of Major Global Factories’ Central Hubs. Domestic Value Added in Foreign Gross Exports, by Exporting Partner Shares, 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2022.
Source: Author’s elaboration based on OECD TiVA database (2025).
Figure 2
Evolution of Backward Participation of Major Global Factories’ Central Hubs. Foreign Value Added in Gross Exports by Origin Partner Shares, 1995 and 2022.
Source: Author’s elaboration based on OECD TiVA database (2025).
Figure 3
Evolution of Forward Participation of Latin American Countries. Domestic Value Added in Foreign Gross Exports, by Exporting Partner Shares, 1995 and 2022.
Source: Author’s elaboration based on OECD TiVA database (2025).
Figure 4
Evolution of Backward Participation of Latin American Countries: Foreign Value Added in Gross Exports by Origin Partner Shares, 1995 and 2022.
Source: Author’s elaboration based on OECD TiVA database (2025).