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Demographic data, abdominal muscle thickness, and sarcopenia assessment in the study population
| Parameter | Donors (n = 41) | Recipients (n = 41) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male/Female | 12/29 (29%/71%) | 38/3 (93%/7%) | |
| Age (yrs) | 34.5 ± 9.1 | 48.9±10.5 | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 161.5 ± 10.0 | 166 ± 6.6 | 0.018 |
| Weight (kg) | 66.2 ± 10.7 | 67.4 ± 12.7 | 0.645 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 5.03 | 24.2 ± 3.8 | 0.45 |
| External oblique (mm) | 4.5 ± 1.8 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| Internal oblique (mm) | 6 ± 2.4 | 4.1 ± 1.6 | 0.001 |
| Transversus abdominis (mm) | 3.2 ± 1 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| L3-SMI (cm2/m2) | 44.6 ± 10.2 | 36.3 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | 24.1 ± 6.2 | 21.2 ± 5.4 | 0.06 |
Postoperative outcomes in sarcopenia vs non-sarcopenia groups
| L3-SMI | Hand Grip Strength | EO thickness | IO thickness | TA thickness | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative outcome | Sarcopenia (n = 32) | No sarcopenia (n = 7) | p value | Sarcopenia (n = 33) | No sarcopenia (n = 6) | p value | Sarcopenia (n = 29) | No sarcopenia (n = 9) | p value | Sarcopenia (n = 26) | No sarcopenia (n = 12) | p value | Sarcopenia (n = 27) | No sarcopenia (n = 11) | p value |
| Pleural effusion (%) | 75.9 | 42.9 | 0.16 | 71 | 60.0 | 0.63 | 79.2 | 44.4 | 0.09 | 68.4 | 71.4 | 1 | 77.3 | 54.5 | 0.24 |
| Pneumonia (%) | 44.8 | 14.3 | 0.2 | 60.00 | 36.2 | 0.35 | 50 | 22.2 | 0.24 | 47.4 | 35.7 | 0.734 | 45.5 | 36.4 | 0.71 |
| Duration of MV (hrs) | 15.9 ± 6.3 | 11.6 ± 4.2 | 0.90 | 15.6 ± 5.9 | 14.4 ± 4.0 | 0.61 | 17.9 ± 6.1 | 11.8 ± 3.7 | 0.18 | 16.6 ± 5.5 | 15.6 ± 4.1 | 0.80 | 18.3 ± 6.8 | 11.6 ± 3.5 | 0.13 |
| Duration of ICU stay (days) | 13.0 ± 4.4 | 9.9 ± 3.2 | 0.37 | 12.0 ± 3.9 | 10.8 ± 2.7 | 0.53 | 13.9 ± 4.6 | 7.3 ± 2.4 | 0.04 | 14.1 ± 4.2 | 9.5 ± 3.1 | 0.13 | 14.8 ± 4.9 | 6.7 ± 2.5 | 0.007 |
| Mortality in 30 days (%) | 17.2 | 0 | 0.55 | 16 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 14.3 | 10 | 0.68 | 15.8 | 7.1 | 0.62 | 18.2 | 0 | 0.276 |
Receiver-operating characteristic curves of muscle thickness values predicting sarcopenia by comparison with L3 SMI
| Cut-off by L3-SMI (mm) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | AUC | Standard error | 95% confidence interval | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| External oblique thickness | Males | 3.6 | 78 | 80.6 | 0.84 | 0.05 | 0.73–0.96 |
| Females | 3.7 | 46.4 | 40 | 0.49 | 0.16 | 0.16–0.82 | |
| Internal oblique thickness | Males | 4.8 | 71.8 | 67.7 | 0.80 | 0.06 | 0.68–0.93 |
| Females | 4.9 | 50 | 40 | 0.63 | 0.14 | 0.35–0.92 | |
| Transversus abdominis thickness | Males | 2.55 | 77.8 | 74.2 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.71–0.96 |
| Females | 2.8 | 40 | 40 | 0.55 | 0.15 | 0.23–0.86 |
Gender-specific analysis of muscle thickness and sarcopenia in the study population
| Parameter | Donors male (n = 12) | Recipients male (n = 38) | p value | Donors Female (n = 29) | Recipients female (n = 3) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| External oblique (mm) | 6.2 ± 1.5 | 3.0 ± 1.2 | <0.001 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 0.008 |
| Internal oblique (mm) | 8.2 ± 2.0 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 0.001 | 8.2 ± 2.0 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 0.001 |
| Transversus abdominis (mm) | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | <0.001 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 0.002 |
| L3-SMI (cm2/m2) | 49.4 ± 12.2 | 36.0 ± 9.2 | <0.001 | 42.8 ± 11.2 | 39.6 ± 10.5 | 0.30 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | 32.7 ± 8.2 | 21.5 ± 5.4 | 0.001 | 21.0 ± 4.2 | 21.1 ± 5.1 | 0.96 |
Correlation of muscle thickness with ascitic fluid volume and postoperative outcomes
| Meld | CTP | Ascitic fluid volume | Pleural Effusion | Pneumonia | Reintubation | Duration of Mechanical Ventilation | Duration of ICU Stay | Mortality | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| External oblique | Pearson Correlation | 0.024 | −0.034 | −0.33 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.27 | −0.24 | −0.46 | 0.26 |
| P value | 0.088 | 0.831 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.38 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.005 | 0.12 | |
| Internal oblique | Pearson Correlation | −0.093 | −0.296 | −0.58 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.12 | −0.08 | −0.28 | 0.11 |
| P value | 0.564 | 0.06 | <0.001 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.46 | 0.62 | 0.10 | 0.49 | |
| Transversus abdominis | Pearson Correlation | −0.279 | −0.460 | −0.41 | 0.18 | −0.001 | 0.24 | −0.07 | −0.37 | 0.25 |
| P value | 0.077 | 0.002 | 0.008 | 0.28 | 0.99 | 0.15 | 0.65 | 0.029 | 0.13 |