Correlation between portal vein diameter and craniocaudal length of the spleen

Shah Zaman; Syed Amir Gilani; Raham Bacha; Iqra Manzoor; Zain Ul Hasan

doi:10.15557/jou.2019.0041

Abstract

Objective: To determine the correlation between portal vein diameter and spleen size (craniocaudal). Methodology: The study was conducted at the University Ultrasound Clinic, The University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan from 1^st January to 1^st July 2013. All the individuals who referred for abdominal sonographic examination, including male, female, older and younger were conveniently included in the study, voluntarily, irrespective of the disease state. Ultrasonographic measurements of the caudocranial length of the spleen and portal vein were carried out on all of the one thousand subjects. The subject position for spleen was supine or right posterior oblique during suspended inspiration and right anterior oblique position for portal vein diameter with quiet respiration. The correlation between the splenic length and portal vein diameter was evaluated. Result: A total of 1000 subjects; 36.9% females and 63.1% males aged from 4 to 79 years. The mean splenic length was 10.29 ± 1.89 cm. The mean portal vein diameter was 10.27 ± 1.78 mm. A statistically significant correlation was found between the spleen size and portal vein diameter; the Pearson correlation was significant at the 0.01 level. Conclusion: Portal vein diameter is directly correlated to splenic caudocranial length. A regression formula was developed to measure the splenic length from the calculation of portal vein diameter.

References

Richards JR, McGahan JP: Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) in 2017: what radiologists can learn. Radiology 2017; 283: 30–48.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Postema A, Idzenga T, Mischi M, Frinking P, de la Rosette J, Wijkstra H: Ultrasound modalities and quantification: developments of multipara-metric ultrasonography, a new modality to detect, localize and target prostatic tumors. Curr Opin Urol 2015; 25: 191–197.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Manzoor I, Bacha R, Gilani SA: Diagnostic accuracy of sonoelastography in different diseases. J Ultrason 2018; 18: 29–36.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bacha R, Gilani SA: Ultrasound diagnosis of spontaneous nephrocutaneous fistula. Ultrasound Q 2017; 33: 293–295.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gilani SA: An overview of musculoskeletal ultrasound – A thirteen years experience in Pakistan. Perspectives in Medicine 2012; 1: 427–430.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gilani SA: Musculoskeletal ultrasound. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2011; 31: 2–3.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vancauwenberghe T, Snoeckx A, Vanbeckevoort D, Dymarkowski S, Vanhoenacker FM: Imaging of the spleen: what the clinician needs to know. Singapore Med J 2015; 56: 133–144.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mazur R, Celmer M, Silicki J, Hołownia D, Pozowski P, Międzybrodzki K: Clinical applications of spleen ultrasound elastography – a review. J Ultrason 2018; 18: 37–41.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O’Donohue J, Ng C, Catnach S, Farrant P, Williams R: Diagnostic value of Doppler assessment of the hepatic and portal vessels and ultrasound of the spleen in liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 16: 147–155.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Baik SK, Kim MY: Diagnostic methods for cirrhosis and portal hypertension: imaging: ultrasound and doppler ultrasonography. In: Baik SK, Kim MY (ed.): Diagnostic Methods for Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension. Springer, 2018: 139–147.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hosey RG, Mattacola CG, Kriss V, Armsey T, Quarles J, Jagger J: Ultrasound assessment of spleen size in collegiate athletes. Br J Sports Med 2006; 40: 251–254.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Görg C, Eichkorn M, Zugmaier G: The small spleen: sonographic patterns of functional hyposplenia or asplenia. J Clin Ultrasound 2003; 31: 152–155.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
de Porto AP, Lammers AJ, Bennink RJ, ten Berge IJ, Speelman P, Hoekstra JB: Assessment of splenic function. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 29: 1465–1473.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Toma P, Granata C, Rossi A, Garaventa A: Multimodality imaging of Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphomas in children. Radiographics 2007; 27: 1335–1354.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chiorean L, Zdrenghea M, Badea R: Ultrasonography of the spleen. Pictorial essay. Med Ultrason 2014; 16: 48–59.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schmidt G: Differential diagnosis in ultrasound imaging: a teaching Atlas. Thieme, 2011.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Virmani J, Kumar V, Kalra N, Khandelwal N: Prediction of liver cirrhosis based on multiresolution texture descriptors from B-mode ultrasound. Int J Convergence Computing 2013; 1: 19–37.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rossi F, Leone VF, Vignoli M, Laddaga E, Terragni R: Use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for characterization of focal splenic lesions. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2008; 49: 154–164.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Görg C, Riera-Knorrenschild J, Dietrich J: Pictorial review: colour doppler ultrasound flow patterns in the portal venous system. Br J Radiol 2002; 75: 919–929.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Park HS, Desser TS, Jeffrey RB, Kamaya A: Doppler ultrasound in liver cirrhosis: correlation of hepatic artery and portal vein measurements with model for end-stage liver disease score. J Ultrasound Med 2017; 36: 725–730.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gareeballah A, Hassan IA, Elzaki M, Ibraheem SS, Abelwahab B, Siddig A et al.: Measurement of normal portal vein using ultrasound in Sudanese. Glob Adv Res J Med Med Sci 2017; 6: 336–340.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weis J, Schlosser S, Müller-Schilling M: Challenging HCC surveillance in a case with a history of peliosis hepatis and liver cirrhosis CHILD A due to a hypoplastic portal vein. Z Gastroenterol 2018; 56: E2–E89.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Coysh T, Zonoozi S, Jayasooriya N, Cargill Z, Burn-Murdoch A, Yalchin M et al.: PTU-073 Title: is portal vein diameter being reported in abdominal ultrasound scans of decompensated liver cirrhosis patients? Gut 2017; 66: 87–95.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Badi Y, Badro N, Dhawan S: Portal vein thrombosis: the overlooked association between pancreatic cancer and PVT. Oncol Cancer Case Rep 2017; 3: 1–2.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Roy S, Bhatt S, Rawal R, Tandon A, Meena N: Splenic vein thrombosis as a rare complication of disseminated tuberculosis – imaging diagnosis and case report. Pol J Radiol 2017; 82: 106–109.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tokodai K, Miyagi S, Nakanishi C, Hara Y, Nakanishi W, Miyazawa K et al.: The utility of superb microvascular imaging for monitoring low-velocity venous flow following pancreas transplantation: report of a case. J Med Ultrason 2018; 45: 171–174.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Christou N, Dib N, Chuffart E, Taibi A, Durand-Fontanier S, Valleix D et al.: Stepwise management of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with Abernethy syndrome. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6: 930–934.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Benson CB, Frates MC: Color Duplex Scanning of the Hepatoportal Circulation. In: Benson CB, Frates MC (ed.): Noninvasive vascular diagnosis. Springer, 2017: 623–646.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mills A, Mellnick V: Imaging features of hepatic arterial and venous flow abnormalities. Clin Liver Dis 2018; 11: 27–32.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Luisa S, Vitale G, Sorbo AR, Maurizio P, Lodovico RG: Hepatic vein transit time of second-generation ultrasound contrast agent: new tool in the assessment of portal hypertension. J Ultrasound 2016; 20: 43–52.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kievit L, Kræmer P, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Grønbæk H: Adult presentation of noncirrhotic portal hypertension and ascites following treatment for Wilms’ tumor in childhood. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2018; 12: 56–62.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Endo M, Soroida Y, Sato M, Kobayashi T, Hikita H, Sato M et al.: Ultrasound evaluation of liver stiffness: accuracy of ultrasound imaging for the prediction of liver cirrhosis as evaluated using a liver stiffness measurement. J Med Dent Sci 2017; 64: 27–34.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rosenberg HK, Markowitz RI, Kolberg H, Park C, Hubbard A, Bellah RD: Normal splenic size in infants and children: sonographic measurements. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1991; 157: 119–121.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dittrich M, Milde S, Dinkel E, Baumann W, Weitzel D: Sonographic biometry of liver and spleen size in childhood. Pediatr Radiol 1983; 13: 206–211.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Konuş OL, Ozdemir A, Akkaya A, Erbaş G, Celik H, Işik S: Normal liver, spleen, and kidney dimensions in neonates, infants, and children: evaluation with sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998; 171: 1693–1698.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Frank K, Linhart P, Kortsik C, Wohlenberg H: Sonographic determination of spleen size: normal dimensions in adults with a healthy spleen. Ultraschall Med 1986; 7: 134–137.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Spielmann AL, DeLong DM, Kliewer MA: Sonographic evaluation of spleen size in tall healthy athletes. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184: 45–49.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Niederau C, Sonnenberg A, Müller JE, Erckenbrecht JF, Scholten T, Fritsch WP. Sonographic measurements of the normal liver, spleen, pancreas, and portal vein. Radiology 1983; 149: 537–540.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aubé C, Oberti F, Korali N, Namour MA, Loisel D, Tanguy JY et al.: Ultrasonographic diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1999; 30: 472–478.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bhattarai S, Gyawali M, Dewan KR, Shrestha G, Patowary BS, Sharma P: Study of portal vein diameter and spleen size by ultrasonography and their association with gastro-esophageal varices. Nepalese Journal of Radiology 2017; 4: 6-14.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Correlation between portal vein diameter and craniocaudal length of the spleen

Abstract

Paradigm

My account