Self-Organizing Map Classification of the Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field Produced by Typical Tablet Computers

Brodić, Darko; Amelio, Alessia; Draganov, Ivo R.

doi:10.1515/msr-2018-0014

Abstract

In this paper, the extremely low frequency magnetic field produced by the tablet computers is explored. The measurement of the tablet computers’ magnetic field is performed by using a measuring geometry previously proposed for the laptop computers. The experiment is conducted on five Android tablet computers. The measured values of the magnetic field are compared to the widely accepted TCO safety standard. Then, the results are classified by the Self-Organizing Map method in order to create different levels of safety or danger concerning the magnetic field to which tablet computer users are exposed. Furthermore, a brief comparison of the obtained magnetic field levels with the ones from typical laptops is performed. At the end, a practical suggestion on how to avoid the high exposure to the low frequency magnetic field emitted by the tablet computers is given.

References

[1] Bellieni, C.V., Pinto, I., Bogi, A., Zoppetti, N., Andreuccetti, D., Buonocore, G. (2012). Exposure to electromagnetic fields from laptop use of "laptop" computers. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 67(1), 31-36.10.1080/19338244.2011.56423222315933
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[2] ICNIRP (2010). Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz). Health Physics, 99(6), 818-836.10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f06c8621068601
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[3] ICNIRP (2014). Guidelines for limiting exposure to electric fields induced by movement of the human body in a static magnetic field and by time-varying magnetic fields below 1 Hz. Health Physics, 106(3), 418-425.10.1097/HP.0b013e31829e558025208018
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[4] Gurney, J.G., Mueller, B.A., Davis, S., Schwartz, S., Stevens, R., Kopecky, K. (1996). Childhood brain tumor occurrence in relation to residential power line configurations, electric heating sources, and electrical appliance use. American Journal of Epidemiology, 143(2), 120-128.10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a0087188546112
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[5] Ahlbom, A., Bridges, J., De Seze, R., Hillert, L., Juutilainen, J., Mattsson, M.O., Neubauer, G., SchA˘ L’z, J., Simko, M. and Bromen, K. (2008). Possible effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health-opinion of the scientific committee on emerging and newly identified health risks (SCENIHR). Toxicology, 246(2-3), 248-250.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[6] COMAR. (1997). Biological and health effects of electric and magnetic fields from video display terminals. A technical information statement. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 16(3), 87-92.10.1109/51.5855239158992
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[7] TCO Development AB. (2012). TCO Certified Notebooks 4.0. http://tcodevelopment.com/files/2013/04/TCO-Certified-Notebooks-4.0.pdf
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[8] Brodic´, D., Amelio, A. (2015). Classification of the extremely low frequency magnetic field radiation measurement from the laptop computers. Measurement Science Review, 15(4), 202-209.10.1515/msr-2015-0028
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[9] Brodic´, D., Amelio, A. (2016). Detecting of the extremely low frequency magnetic field ranges for laptop in normal operating condition or under stress. Measurement, 91, 318-341.10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.060
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[10] Oja, M., Kaski, S., Kohonen, T. (2002). Bibliography of self-organizing map (som) papers: 1998-2001 addendum. Neural Computing Surveys, 3, 1-156.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[11] Vannucci, M., Colla, V. (2004). Meaningful discretization of continuous features for association rules mining by means of a SOM. In European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, 28-30 April 2004, Bruges, Belgium, 489-494. 489-494.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[12] Kohonen, T. (2001). Self-Organizing Maps. Springer Series in Information Sciences, Vol. 30.10.1007/978-3-642-56927-2
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
[13] Zoppetti, N., Andreuccetti, D., Bellieni, C., Bogi, A., Pinto, I. (2011). Evaluation and characterization of fetal exposures to low frequency magnetic fields generated by laptop computers. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 107(3), 456-463.10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.10.00322019904
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Self-Organizing Map Classification of the Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field Produced by Typical Tablet Computers

Abstract

Paradigm

My account