References
- Altmann, F. (1992): Determination of amino sugars and amino acids in glycoconjugates using precolumn derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde. Analytical Biochemistry 204, 215–219.
- Cortinas, L., Villaverde, C., Galobart, J., Baucells, M.D., Codony, R. and A.C. Barroeta (2004): Fatty acid content in chicken thigh and breast as affected by dietary polyunsaturation level. Poultry Science 83, 1155–1164.
- Corzo, A., Schilling, M.W., Loar II, R.E., Jackson, V., Kin, S. and V. Radhakrishnan (2009): The effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles on broiler meat quality. Poultry Science 88, 432–439.
- Crespo, N. and E. Esteve-Garcia (2002): Nutrient and fatty acid depositon in broilers fed different dietary fatty acid profiles. Poultry Science 81, 1533–1542.
- De Smet, S., Raes, K. and D. Demeyer (2004): Meat fatty acid composition as affected by fatness and genetic factors: A review. Animal Research 53, 81–98.
- Emiola, I.A., Opapeju, F.O., Slominski, B.A. and C.M. Nyachoti (2009): Growth performance and nutrient digestibility in pigs fed wheat distillers dried grains with solubles-based diets supplemented with a multicarbohydrase enzyme. Journal of Animal Science 87, 2315–2322.
- Fernandez, X., Monin, G., Talmant, A., Mourot, J. and B. Lebret (1999): Influence of intramuscular fat content on the quality of pig meat — 1. Composition of the lipid fraction and sensory characteristics of m. longissimus lumborum. Meat Science 53, 59–65.
- GfE (1999): Empfehlungen zur Energie- und Nährstoffversorgung der Legehennen und Masthühner (Broiler) / Ausschuss für Bedarfsnormen der Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie. DLG-Verlags-GmbH, Frankfurt/ Main, 185 pp.
- González-Alvarado, J.M., Jiménez-Moreno, E., González-Sánchez, D., Lázaro, R. and G.G. Mateos (2010): Effect of inclusion of oat hulls and sugar beet pulp in the diet on productive performance and digestive traits of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. Animal Feed Science and Technology 162, 37–46.
- González-Alvarado, J.M., Jiménez-Moreno, E., Valencia, D.G., Lázaro, R. and G.G. Mateos (2008): Effects of fiber source and heat processing of the cereal on the development and pH of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers fed diets based on corn or rice. Poultry Science 87, 1779–1795.
- Gracia, M.I., Lázaro, R., Latorre, M.A., Medel, P., Araníbar, M.J., Jiménez-Moreno, E. and G.G. Mateos (2009): Influence of enzyme supplementation of diets and cooking–flaking of maize on digestive traits and growth performance of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. Animal Feed Science and Technology 150, 303–315.
- Hansen, I., Knudsen, K.E. and B.O. Eggum (1992): Gastrointestinal implications in the rat of wheat bran, oat bran and pea fibre. British Journal of Nutrition 68, 451–462.
- Heincinger, M., Balogh, K., Mézes, M. and H. Fébel (2012): Effects of distillers dried grain with soluble (DDGS) on meat quality, lipid peroxide and some of antioxidant status parameters of fattening Turkey. Journal of Poultry Science 49, 268–272.
- Hill, F.W. and D.L. Anderson (1958): Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks. Journal of Nutrition 64, 587–603.
- Hogberg, A. and J.E. Lindberg (2004a): Influence of cereal non-starch polysaccharides and enzyme supplementation on digestion site and gut environment in weaned piglets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 116, 113–128.
- Hogberg, A. and J.E. Lindberg (2004b): Influence of cereal non-starch polysaccharides on digestion site and gut environment in growing pigs. Livestock Production Science 87, 121–130.
- Honda, K., Kamisoyama, H., Kubo, S., Motoori, T. and S. Hasegawa (2010): Effects of dietary fat levels on amino acid digestibility at different sites of chicken intestines. Journal Poultry Science 47, 227–235.
- Hulan, H.W., Ackman, R.G., Ratnayake, W.M.N. and F.G. Proudfoot (1988): Omega-3 fatty-acid levels and performance of broiler-chickens red redfish meal or redfish oil. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 68, 533–547.
- Jagger, S., Wiseman, J., Cole, D.J.A. and J. Craigon (1992): Evaluation of inert markers for the determination of ileal and fecal apparent digestibility values in the pig. British Journal of Nutrition 68, 729–739.
- Jiménez-Moreno, E., Gonzáles-Serrano, A., Lázaro, R. and G.G. Mateos (2009): Effect of dietary fiber and fat on performance and digestive traits of broilers from one to twenty-one days af age. Poultry Science 88, 2562–2574.
- Ketels, E. and G. DeGrote, G. (1989): Effect of ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids of the dietary lipid fraction on utilization and metablizable energy of added fats in young chicks. Poultry Science 68, 1506–1512.
- Kluth, H. and M. Rodehutscord (2010): Effect of the duration of prefeeding on amino acid digestibility of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles in broiler chicken. Poultry Science 89, 681–687.
- Kouba, M. and J. Mourot (2011): A review of nutritional effects on fat composition of animal products with special emphasis on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biochimie 93, 13–17.
- Lan, Y., Opapeju, F.O. and C.M. Nyachoti (2008): True ileal protein and amino acid digestibilities in wheat dried distillers‘ grains with solubles fed to finishing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 140, 155–163.
- Leytem, A.B., Kwanyuen, P. and P.A. Thacker (2008): Nutrient excretion, phosphorus characterization, and phosphorus solubility in excreta from broiler chicks fed diets containing graded levels of wheat distillers grains with solubles. Poultry Science 87, 2505–2511.
- Lopez-Ferrer, S., Baucells, M.D., Barroeta, A.C. and M.A. Grashorn (2001): n-3 enrichment of chicken meat. 1. Use of very long-chain fatty acids in chicken diets and their influence on meat quality: fish oil. Poultry Science 80, 741–752.
- Lumpkins, B.S., Batal, A.B. and N.M. Dale (2004): Evaluation of distillers dried grains with solubles as a feed ingredient for broilers. Poultry Science 83, 1891–1896.
- Montagne, L., Pluske, J.R. and D.J. Hampson (2003): A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Animal Feed Science and Technology 108, 95–117.
- Naumann, C. and R. Bassler (2012): Die chemische Untersuchung von Futtermittel. VDLUFA-Verlag, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Nyachoti, C.M., House, J.D., Slominski, B.A. and I.R. Seddon (2005): Energy and nutrient digestibilities in wheat dried distillers‘ grains with solubles fed to growing pigs. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 85, 2581–2586.
- Oryschak, M., Korver, D., Zuidhof, M. and E. Beltranena (2010): Nutritive value of single-screw extruded and nonextruded triticale distillers dried grains with solubles, with and without an enzyme comples for broilers. Poultry Science 89, 1411–1423.
- Owusu-Asiedu, A., Simmins, P.H., Brufau, J., Lizardo, R. and A. Péron (2010): Effect of xylanase and betaglucanase on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in piglets fed wheat-barley-based diets. Livestock Science 134, 76–78.
- Ratnayake, W.M.N., Ackman, R.G. and H.W. Hulan (1989): Effect of redfish meal enriched diets on the taste and n-3 pufa of 42-day-old broiler chickens. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 49, 59–74.
- Schedle, K. (2016): Sustainable pig and poultry nutrition by improvement of nutrient utilisation – A review. Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment 67, 45–60.
- Schedle, K., Mair, C., Leitgeb, R. and W. Windisch (2010a): Zootechnical performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks fed different kindsand concentrations of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment 61, 37–48.
- Schedle, K., Mair, C. and W. Windisch (2010b): Effects of feeding wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), on performance, carcass quality, colon digesta dry matter and ammonia, as well as plasma urea in pigs for fattening. Züchtungskunde 82, 303–315.
- Schilling, M.W., Battula, V., Loar II, R.E., Jackson, V., Kin, S. and A. Corzo (2010): Dietary inclusion level effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on broiler meat quality. Poultry Science 89, 752–760.
- Slominsky, B.A. (2011): Recent advances in research on enzymes for poultry diets. Poultry Science 90, 2013–2023.
- Sukhija, P.S. and D.L. Palmquist (1988): Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 36, 1202–1206.
- Thacker, P.A. and G.P. Widyaratne (2007): Nutritional value of diets containing graded levels of wheat distillers grains with solubles fed to broiler chicks. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 87, 1386–1390.
- Whitney, M.H. and G.C. Shurson (2004): Growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of corn distiller‘s dried grains with solubles originating from a modern Midwestern ethanol plant. Journal of Animal Science 82, 122–128.
- Widmer, M.R., McGinnis, L.M., Wulf, D.M. and H.H. Stein (2008): Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles, high-protein distillers dried grains, and corn germ to growing-finishing pigs on pig performance, carcass quality, and the palatability of pork. Journal of Animal Science 86, 1819–1831.
- Widyaratne, G.P. and R.T. Zijlstra (2007): Nutritional value of wheat and corn distiller‘s dried grain with solubles: Digestibility and digestible contents of energy, amino acids and phosphorus, nutrient excretion and growth performance of grower-finisher pigs. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 87, 103–114.
- Wood, J.D., Richardson, R.I., Nute, G.R., Fisher, A.V., Campo, M.M., Kasapidou, E., Sheard, P.R. and M. Enser (2003): Effects of fatty acids on meat quality: a review. Meat Science 66, 21–32.
- Woyengo, T.A. and C.M. Nyachoti (2011): Supplementation of phytase and carbohydrases to diets for poultry Canadian Journal of Animal Science 91, 177–192.
- Yin, Y.L., McEvoy, J.D.G., Schulze, H., Hennig, U., Souffrant, W.B. and K.J. McCracken (2000): Apparent digestibility (ileal and overall) of nutrients and endogenous nitrogen losses in growing pigs fed wheat (var. Soissons) or its by-products without or with xylanase supplementation. Livestock Production Science 62, 119–132.
- Zijlstra, R.T., Owusu-Asiedu, A. and P.H. Simmins (2010): Future of NSP-degrading enzymes to improve nutrient utilization of co-products and gut health in pigs. Livestock Science 134, 255–257.