The Investigation of the Lake Water/Groundwater Interaction in the Hyporheic Zone of a Groundwater-Dependent Lake (Lake Płotki, Poland)

Quaestiones Geographicae

Volume 44 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)

By:

Magdalena Matusiak, Marek Marciniak, Paweł Owsianny and Krzysztof Dragon

Open Access

|Aug 2025

Figures & Tables

Cross-section illustrating a scheme of hydrogeological conditions in the area of Lake Płotki.

Groundwater levels in piezometer no. II/401/1 (PIG-PIB 2024).

Gradient metre readings: A – under downwelling; B – under upwelling.

Spatial distribution of VHGs in the Lake Płotki shoreline zone: A – in November 2022; B – in May 2023. Isobaths according to Jańczak (1996). VHGs, vertical hydraulic gradients.

Conceptual model of the hyporheic zone functioning in the shoreline of Lake Płotki.

Statistical characteristics of the vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG) measurements_

Hyporheic exchange	N		VHG [–]
Hyporheic exchange	[-]	[%]	MIN	AV	MD	MAX	SD	V
09-11-2022
Upwelling	13	44.8	0.008	0.022	0.015	0.045	0.012	55.8%
Neutral	3	10.8
Downwelling	13	44.8	–0.050	–0.025	–0.023	–0.005	0.015	–59.6%
19-05-2023
Upwelling	9	69.2	0.005	0.027	0.025	0.085	0.025	91.7%
Neutral	0	0
Downwelling	4	30.8	–0.045	–0.029	–0.030	–0.010	0.014	–49.8%

Results of gradientmetric measurements along the shoreline of Lake Płotki in autumn 2022 and spring 2023_ MP, Measuring point; VHG, vertical hydraulic gradient_

09-11-2022										19-05-2023
MP	L	H_Gw	H_L	VHG	MP	L	H_Gw	H_L	VHG	MP	L	H_Gw	H_L	VHG
MP	[m]	[mm]		[–]	MP	[m]	[mm]		[–]	MP	[m]	[mm]		[–]
P01	0.49	63	60	0.015	P16	0.45	79	85	–0.030	P30	0.40	60	52	0.040
P02	0.15	49	47	0.010	P17	0.58	89	89	0.000	P31	0.49	85	76	0.045
P03	0.23	65	60	0.025	P18	0.48	86	90	–0.020	P32	0.44	83	66	0.085
P04	0.53	47	39	0.040	P19	0.44	96	106	–0.050	P33	0.43	90	85	0.025
P05	0.34	69	60	0.045	P20	0.53	35	42	–0.035	P34	0.55	41	40	0.005
P06	0.46	55	52	0.015	P21	0.23	61	66	–0.025	P35	0.29	31	35	–0.020
P07	0.36	80	78	0.008	P22	0.34	65	68	–0.015	P36	0.72	50	59	–0.045
P08	0.49	92	93	–0.005	P23	0.33	27	35	–0.040	P37	0.38	73	75	–0.010
P09	0.34	99	95	0.020	P24	0.94	70	80	–0.050	P38	0.26	56	64	–0.040
P10	0.48	75	79	–0.023	P25	0.47	50	47	0.015	P39	0.25	60	59	0.005
P11	0.51	95	92	0.015	P26	0.39	55	55	0.000	P40	0.38	85	84	0.005
P12	0.21	39	40	–0.005	P27	0.35	104	100	0.020	P41	0.27	84	82	0.010
P13	0.18	66	69	–0.015	P28	0.35	78	69	0.045	P42	0.35	76	71	0.025
P14	0.40	98	98	0.000	P29	0.41	65	62	0.015
P15	0.51	90	92	–0.010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2025-0025 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103

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Language: English

Page range: 111 - 122

Submitted on: Mar 5, 2025

Published on: Aug 24, 2025

Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 times per year

Keywords:

lake recharge-discharge conditions,

Related subjects:

© 2025 Magdalena Matusiak, Marek Marciniak, Paweł Owsianny, Krzysztof Dragon, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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The Investigation of the Lake Water/Groundwater Interaction in the Hyporheic Zone of a Groundwater-Dependent Lake (Lake Płotki, Poland)

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Statistical characteristics of the vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG) measurements_

Results of gradientmetric measurements along the shoreline of Lake Płotki in autumn 2022 and spring 2023_ MP, Measuring point; VHG, vertical hydraulic gradient_

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