On the role of convective available potential energy (CAPE) in tropical cyclone intensification
By: Marguerite Lee and Thomas Frisius
References
- Betts
, A. K.. A new convective adjustment scheme. Part I: observational and theoretical basis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 677– 691. - Bogner
, P. B., Barnes, G. M.and Franklin, J. L.. Conditional instability and shear for six hurricanes over the Atlantic Ocean. Wea. Forecasting, 192– 207. 10.1175/1520-0434(2000)015<;0192:CIASFS>2.0.CO;2 - Bryan
, G. H.and Fritsch, J. M.. A benchmark simulation for moist nonhydrostatic numerical models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 2917– 2928. 10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130<;2917:ABSFMN>2.0.CO;2 - Bryan
, G. H.and Rotunno, R.. Evaluation of an analytical model for the maximum intensity of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 3042– 3060. 10.1175/2009JAS3038.1 - Bui
, H. H., Smith, R. K., Montgomery, M. T.and Peng, J.. Balanced and unbalanced aspects of tropical cyclone intensification. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 1715– 1731. - Camp
, J. P.and Montgomery, M. T.. Hurricane maximum intensity: Past and present. J. Atmos. Sci., 1704– 1717. - Charney
, J. G.and Eliassen, A.. On the growth of the hurricane depression. J. Atmos. Sci., 68– 75. 10.1175/1520-0469(1964)021<;0068:OTGOTH>2.0.CO;2 - Craig
, G. C.and Gray, S. L.. CISK or WISHE as the mechanism for tropical cyclone intensification. J. Atmos. Sci., 3528– 3540. 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<;3528:COWATM>2.0.CO;2 - Dengler
, K.and Reeder, M. J.. The effects of convection and baroclinicity on the motion of tropical-cyclone-like vortices. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 699– 725. 10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X - DeMaria
, M.and Pickle, J. D.. A simplified system of equations for simulation of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 1542– 1554. 10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<;1542:ASSOEF>2.0.CO;2 - DeMaria
, M.and Schubert, W. H.. Experiments with a spectral tropical cyclone model. J. Atmos. Sci., 901– 924. 10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041<;0901:EWASTC>2.0.CO;2 - Donelan
, M. A., Haus, B. K., Reul, N., Plant, W. J., Stiassnie, M.and co-authors.. On the limiting aerodynamic roughness of the ocean in very strong winds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 102. 10.1029/2004GL019460 - Dunion
, J. P.. Rewriting the climatology of the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea atmosphere. J. Climate, 893– 908. 10.1175/2010JCLI3496.1 - Emanuel
, K. A.. An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci., 585– 604. 10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043<;0585:AASITF>2.0.CO;2 - Emanuel
, K. A.. Atmospheric Convection. Oxford University Press, New York ,NY . - Emanuel
, K. A.. Some aspects of hurricane inner-core dynamics and energetics. J. Atmos. Sci., 1014– 1026. 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<;1014:SAOHIC>2.0.CO;2 - Emanuel
, K. A.. Self-stratification of tropical cyclone outflow. Part II: implications for storm intensification. J. Atmos. Sci., 988– 996. 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0177.1 - Fairall
, C., Bradley, E., Hare, J., Grachev, A.and Edson, J.. Bulk parameterization of air–sea fluxes: updates and verification for the COARE algorithm. J. Clim., 571– 591. 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<;0571:BPOASF>2.0.CO;2 - Frank
, W. M.. The structure and energetics of the tropical cyclone I. Storm structure. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1119– 1135. 10.1175/1520-0493(1977)105<;1119:TSAEOT>2.0.CO;2 - Frisius
, T.. Surface-flux-induced tropical cyclogenesis within an axisymmetric atmospheric balanced model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 2603– 2623. 10.1256/qj.06.03 - Frisius
, T.and Hasselbeck, T.. The effect of latent cooling processes in tropical cyclone simulations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 1732– 1749. 10.1002/qj.v135:644 - Frisius
, T.and Lee, M.. The impact of gradient wind imbalance on tropical cyclone intensification within Ooyama’s three-layer model. J. Atmos. Sci. 73, 3659– 3679. - Frisius
, T.and Schönemann, D.. An extended model for the potential intensity of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 641– 661. 10.1175/JAS-D-11-064.1 - Gray
, S. L.and Craig, G. C.. A simple theoretical model for the intensification of tropical cyclones and polar lows. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 919– 947. 10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X - Hendricks
, E. A., Montgomery, M. T.and Davis, C. A.. The role of ‘vortical’ hot towers in the formation of tropical cyclone Diana (1984). J. Atmos. Sci., 1209– 1232. 10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<;1209:TROVHT>2.0.CO;2 - La Seur
, N. E.and Hawkins, H. F.. An analysis of hurricane Cleo (1958) based on data from research reconnaissance aircraft. Mon. Wea. Rev., 694– 709. 10.1175/1520-0493(1963)091<;0694:AAOHCB>2.3.CO;2 - Molinari
, J., Romps, D. M., Vollaro, D.and Nguyen, L.. CAPE in tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 2452– 2463. 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0254.1 - Montgomery
, M. T., Sang, N. V., Smith, R. K.and Persing, J.. Do tropical cyclones intensify by WISHE?, 1697– 1714. 10.1002/qj.v135:644 - Montgomery
, M. T.and Smith, R. K.. Paradigms for tropical cyclone intensification. Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 37– 66. 10.22499/2.00000 - Montgomery
, M. T., Persing, J.and Smith, R. K.. Putting to rest WISHE-ful misconceptions for tropical cyclone intensification. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 92– 109. 10.1002/2014MS000362 - Montgomery
, M. T.and Smith, R. K.. Recent developments in the fluid dynamics of tropical cyclones. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 541– 574. 10.1146/annurev-fluid-010816-060022 - Morrison
, H., Curry, J.and Khvorostyanov, V.. A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part I: description. J. Atmos. Sci., 1665– 1677. - Ooyama
, K.. Numerical simulation of the life cycle of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci., 3– 40. 10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<;0003:NSOTLC>2.0.CO;2 - Persing
, J.and Montgomery, M. T.. Is environmental CAPE important in the determination of maximum possible hurricane intensity?, 542– 550. 10.1175/JAS-3370.1 - Persing
, J., Montgomery, M. T., McWilliams, J. C.and Smith, R. K.. Asymmetric and axisymmetric dynamics of tropical cyclones. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12299– 12341. 10.5194/acp-13-12299-2013 - Rotunno
, R.and Emanuel, K. A.. An air–sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part II: evolutionary study using a nonhydrostatic axisymmetric numerical model. J. Atmos. Sci., 542– 561. 10.1175/1520-0469(1987)044<;0542:AAITFT>2.0.CO;2 - Schönemann
, D.and Frisius, T.. Dynamical system analysis of a low-order tropical cyclone model. Tellus A, 15817. 10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15817 - Schecter
, D. A.. Evaluation of a reduced model for investigating hurricane formation from turbulence. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 155– 178. 10.1002/qj.729 - Schecter
, D. A.and Dunkerton, T. J.. Hurricane formation in diabatic Ekman turbulence. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 823– 838. 10.1002/qj.v135:641 - Schubert
, W. H.and Hack, J. J.. Transformed Eliassen balanced vortex model. J. Atmos. Sci., 1571– 1583. 10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<;1571:TEBVM>2.0.CO;2 - Shapiro
, L. J.and Willoughby, H. E.. The response of balanced hurricanes to local sources of heat and momentum. J. Atmos. Sci., 378– 394, 571. - Smith
, R. K.. On the theory of CISK. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 407– 418. 10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X - Smith
, R. K.and Montgomery, M. T.. Balanced boundary layers used in hurricane models. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 1385– 1395. 10.1002/qj.v134:635 - Van Sang
, N., Smith, R. K.and Montgomery, M. T.. Tropical cyclone intensification and predictability in three dimensions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 563– 582. 10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X - Wang
, Y.and Xu, J.. Energy production, frictional dissipation, and maximum intensity of a numerically simulated tropical cyclone. J. Atmos. Sci., 97– 116. 10.1175/2009JAS3143.1 - Willoughby
, H.. The dynamics of the tropical cyclone core. Aust. Met. Mag., 183– 191. - Zehnder
, J. A.. A comparison of convergence- and surface-flux-based convective parameterizations with applications to tropical cyclogenesis. J. Atmos. Sci., 283– 301. 10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<;0283:ACOCAS>2.0.CO;2 - Zhu
, H., Smith, R. K.and Ulrich, W.. A minimal three-dimensional tropical cyclone model. J. Atmos. Sci., 1924– 1944. 10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<;1924:AMTDTC>2.0.CO;2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000870.2018.1433433 | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554
Language: English
Page range: 1433433 - 1433433
Submitted on: Dec 19, 2017
Accepted on: Jan 18, 2018
Published on: Jan 1, 2018
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2018 Marguerite Lee, Thomas Frisius, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.