References
- Ramani S Post SE Konings K Mann K Katz JT van der Vleuten C “It’s not just the culture”: a qualitative study exploring residents’ perceptions of the impact of institutional culture on feedback Teach Learn Med 2016 21 1 9
- Hawkins RE Welcher CM Holmboe ES Implementation of competency-based medical education: are we addressing the concerns and challenges? Med Educ 2015 49 1086 1102 10.1111/medu.12831
- Chan T Sherbino J The McMaster modular assessment program (McMap). A theoretically grounded work-based assessment system for an emergency medicine resident program Acad Med 2015 90 900 905 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000707
- Frank JF Mungroo R Ahmad Y Wang M De Rossi S Horsley T Toward a definition of competency-based education in medicine: a systematic review of published definitions Med Teach 2010 32 631 637 10.3109/0142159X.2010.500898
- Holmboe ES Sherbino J Long DM Swing SR Frank JR The role of assessment in competency-based medical education Med Teach 2010 32 676 682 10.3109/0142159X.2010.500704
- Morcke AM Dornan T Eika B Outcome (competency) based education: an exploration of its origins, theoretical basis, and empirical evidence Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2013 18 851 863 10.1007/s10459-012-9405-9
- Frank JR Snell LS Cate OT Competency-based medical education: theory to practice Med Teach 2010 32 638 645 10.3109/0142159X.2010.501190
- Spady WG The concept and implications of competency based education Educ Leadersh 1978 36 16 22
- Nasca TJ Philibert I Brigham T Flynn TC The next GME accreditation system – rationale and benefits N Engl J Med 2012 366 1051 1056 10.1056/NEJMsr1200117
- Altahawi F Sisk B Poloskey S Hicks C Dannefer EF Student perspectives on assessment: experience in a competency-based portfolio system Med Teach 2012 34 221 225 10.3109/0142159X.2012.652243
- van der Vleuten CP Dannefer EF Toward a systems approach to assessment Med Teach 2012 34 185 186 10.3109/0142159X.2012.652240
- Greene J Resident dismissal: Suing the system. Amednews.com. American Medical News 2000
- Jamieson T Hemmer P Pangaro LN Pangaro LN McGaphie WC Legal aspects of assigning failing grades Handbook on medical student evaluation and assessment. Alliance for Clinical Education 2015 North Syracuse Gegensatz 251 262
- Wilkerson JR Lang WS Portfolios, the pied piper of teacher certification assessments: legal and psychometric issues Educ Policy Anal Arch 2003 11 1 30 10.14507/epaa.v11n1.2003
- Gammell C Black medical student who claims she was bullied by racists sues for 300,000. The Telegraph 2009
- Andolsek K Padmore J Hauer KE Holmboe E Clinical Competency Committees. A guidebook for programs. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education 2015
- Nabors C Peterson SJ Forman L Operationalizing the internal medicine milestones – an early status report J Grad Med Educ 2013 5 130 137 10.4300/JGME-D-12-00130.1
- Cole NS Zieky MJ The new faces of fairness J Educ Meas 2001 38 369 382 10.1111/j.1745-3984.2001.tb01132.x
- American Educational Research Association Standards for educational and psychological testing/American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, National Council on Measurement in Education 2014 Washington American Educational Research Association
- Bierer SB Dannefer E Does students’ gender, citizenship, or verbal ability affect fairness of portfolio-based promotion decisions? Results from one medical school Acad Med 2011 86 773 777 10.1097/ACM.0b013e318217e14b
- Lam TCM Fairness in performance assessment. ERIC Digest. ED 391982 1995
- Gipps CV Beyond testing: towards a theory of educational assessment 1994 London The Falmer Press 148 157
- Suskie L Fair assessment practices: giving students equitable opportunities to demonstrate learning AAHE Bull 2000 52 1 6
- Barr KP Massagli TL New challenges for the graduate medical educator: implementing the milestones Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2014 93 624 631 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000073
- Armstrong EG Mackey M Spear S Medical education as a process management problem Acad Med 2004 79 8 728 10.1097/00001888-200408000-00002
- Holmboe E Pangaro LN McGaphie WC Direct observation of students’ clinical skills Handbook on medical student evaluation and assessment. Alliance for Clinical Education 2015 North Syracuse Gegensatz 97 112
- French JC Dannefer EF Colbert CY A systematic approach to building a fully operational clinical competency committee J Surg Educ 2014 71 e22 e27 10.1016/j.jsurg.2014.04.005
- Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. Competence by Design. Competence committees: A critical component of competency-based assessment. Available at: http://www.royalcollege.ca/rcsite/cbd/competence-committee-e. Accessed: 15 Feb 2017
- Kogan JR Conforti LN Iobst WF Holmboe ES Reconceptualizing variable rater assessments as both an educational and clinical care problem Acad Med 2014 89 721 727 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000221
- Linn RL Baker EL Dunbar SB Complex, performance-based assessment: expectations and validation criteria Educ Res 1991 20 15 21 10.3102/0013189X020008015
- Downing SM Threats to the validity of clinical teaching assessments: What about rater error? Med Educ 2005 39 350 355 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02138.x
- Pope G Shepher E Kleeman J McNamara B Phaup J The legal defensibility of assessments: What you need to know. Questionmark White Paper 2007
- Pedhazur EJ Schmelkin LP Pedhazur EJ Construct validation Measurement, design, and analysis. An integrated approach 1991 Hillsdale Erlbaum 52 80
- Schouten BC Meeuwesen L Cultural differences in medical communication: a review of the literature Patient Educ Couns 2006 64 21 34 10.1016/j.pec.2005.11.014
- Williams RG Klamen DA McGaghie WC Cognitive, social and environmental sources of bias in clinical performance ratings Teach Learn Med 2003 15 270 292 10.1207/S15328015TLM1504_11
- Hays RB Hamlin G Crane L Twelve tips for increasing the defensibility of assessment decisions Med Teach 2015 37 433 436 10.3109/0142159X.2014.943711
- Gingerich A Regehr G Eva KW Rater-based assessments as social judgments: rethinking the etiology of rater errors Acad Med 2011 86 S1 S7 10.1097/ACM.0b013e31822a6cf8
- Thomas MR Beckman TJ Mauck KF Cha SS Thomas KG Group assessments of resident physicians improve reliability and decrease halo error J Gen Intern Med 2011 7 759 764 10.1007/s11606-011-1670-4
- Hodges B Assessment in the post-psychometric era: learning to love the subjective and collective Med Teach 2013 35 564 568 10.3109/0142159X.2013.789134
- Eva KW Hodges BD Scylla or Charybdis? Can we navigate between objectification and judgment in assessment? Med Educ 2012 46 914 919 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04310.x
- Brateanu A Thomascik J Koncilja K Spencer AL Colbert CY Using continuous quality improvement techniques to evaluate and enhance an internal medicine residency program’s assessment system Am J Med 2017
- Hauer KE Chesluk B Iobst W Reviewing residents’ competence: a qualitative study of the role of clinical competency committees in performance assessment Acad Med 2015 90 1084 1092 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000736
- Colbert CY Dannefer EF French JC Clinical Competency Committees and assessment: changing the conversation in graduate medical education J Grad Med Educ 2015 7 162 165 10.4300/JGME-D-14-00448.1
- van der Vleuten CPM Schuwirth LWT Assessing professional competence: from methods to programmes Med Educ 2005 39 309 317 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02094.x
- Univ. of Mich. v. Ewing 474 U.S. 214, 106 S. Ct. 507, 88 L. Ed. 2d 523 1985
- Univ. of Missouri v. Horowitz 435 U.S. 78 (98 S. Ct. 948, 55 L.Ed.2d 124) 1978
- Nayer M Glover Takahashi S Martin D Probyn L Gold W “Supporting residents in difficulty – issues and options.” International conference on residency education. Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons 2014
- Hernandez v. Overlook Hospital, 149 N.J. 68, 692 A.2d 971 (N.J. S. Ct. 1997).
- Wayne SJ Fortner SA Kitzes JA Timm C Kalishman S Cause or effect? The relationship between student perception of the medical school learning environment and academic performance on USMLE Step 1 Med Teach 2013 35 376 380 10.3109/0142159X.2013.769678
- Bierer SB Dannefer EF The learning environment counts: longitudinal qualitative analysis of study strategies adopted by first-year medical students in a competency-based educational program Acad Med 2016 91 S44 S52 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001363
- Genn JM AMEE Medical Education Guide No. 23 (Part I): Curriculum, environment, climate, quality and change in medical education – a unifying perspective Med Teach 2001 23 337 344 10.1080/01421590120063330
- London M Smither JW Feedback orientation, feedback culture, and the longitudinal performance management process Hum Resour Manage Rev 2002 12 81 100 10.1016/S1053-4822(01)00043-2
- Carmeli A Brueller D Dutton JE Learning behaviours in the workplace: the role of high-quality interpersonal relationships and psychological safety Syst Res Behav Sci 2009 26 81 98 10.1002/sres.932
- Kost A Combs H Smith S A proposed conceptual framework and investigation of upward feedback receptivity in medical education Teach Learn Med 2015 27 359 361 10.1080/10401334.2015.1077134
- Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Clinical Learning Environment Review. Clinical Pathways to Excellence. Available at: https://www.acgme.org/Portals/0/PDFs/CLER/CLER_Brochure.pdf. Accessed May 26, 2016.
- Jennings ML Slavin SJ Resident wellness matters: optimizing resident education and wellness through the learning environment Acad Med 2015 90 1246 1250 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000842
- Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education ACGME common program requirements 2015
- Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. General Standards Applicable to All Residency Programs. B Standards. Standard B3. Structure and Organization of the Program. Available at: http://www.royalcollege.ca/rcsite/education-strategy-accreditation/pgme-training-programs/accreditation-residency-programs-e
- Association of American Medical Colleges. Medical School Graduation Questionnaire. 2015 All Schools Summary Report. Available at: https://www.aamc.org/download/440552/data/2015gqallschoolssummaryreport.pdf. Accessed June 2, 2016.
- Crutcher RA Szafran O Woloschuk W Family medicine graduates’ perceptions of intimidation, harassment, and discrimination during residency training BMC Med Educ 2011 11 1 7 10.1186/1472-6920-11-88
- Stratton T McLaughlin MA Witte FM Does students’ exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical school affect specialty choice and residency program selection? Acad Med 2005 80 400 408 10.1097/00001888-200504000-00020
- Fnais N Soobiah C Chen MH Harassment and discrimination in medical training: a systematic review and meta-analysis Acad Med 2014 89 817 827 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000200
- Lee KP Kelz RR Dube B Morris JB Attitude and perceptions of the other underrepresented minority in surgery J Surg Educ 2014 71 e47 e52 10.1016/j.jsurg.2014.05.008
- Mansh M Garcia G Lunn MR From patients to providers: changing the culture in medicine toward sexual and gender minorities Acad Med 2015 90 574 580 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000656
- Bowe CM Armstrong E Assessment for systems learning: a holistic assessment framework to support decision-making across the medical education continuum Acad Med 2016
- Desimone LM LeFloch KC Are we asking the right questions? Using cognitive interviews to improve surveys in education research Educ Eval Policy Anal 2004 26 1 22 10.3102/01623737026001001
-
Groves
RM
Fowler
FJ
Jr Couper MP Lepkowski JM Singer E Tourangeau R Survey Methodology 2009 2 Hoboken John Wiley and Sons - Willis GB Cognitive interviewing. A “how to” guide. Research triangle institute. Presented at the Meeting of the American Statistical Association 1999
- Presser S Couper MP Lessler JT Methods for testing and evaluating survey questions Public Opin Q 2004 68 109 130 10.1093/poq/nfh008
- Ginsburg S van der Vleuten C Eva KW Lingard L Hedging to save face: a linguistic analysis of written comments on in-training evaluation reports. Adv Health Sci Educ 2016 21 175 188
- Pien L Taylor CA Traboulsi E Nielsen CA A pilot study of a “resident educator and life-long learner” program: using a faculty train-the-trainer program J Grad Med Educ 2011 3 332 336 10.4300/JGME-03-03-33
- Hattie J Temperley H The power of feedback Rev Educ Res 2007 77 81 112 10.3102/003465430298487
- French JC Colbert CY Pien LC Targeted feedback in the milestones era: utilization of the ask-tell-ask feedback model to promote reflection and self-assessment J Surg Educ 2015 72 e274 e279 10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.05.016
- Bierer SB Dannefer EF Tetzlaff JE Time to loosen the apron strings: cohort-based evaluation of a learner driven remediation model at one medical school J Gen Intern Med 2015 30 1339 1343 10.1007/s11606-015-3343-1