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Labeling the unlabelable: Energy efficiency for configurable computers Cover

Labeling the unlabelable: Energy efficiency for configurable computers

Open Access
|Aug 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Scatter plot of test results for performance over watts.

Table 1

Test suite software worklets and description: Gen14 for the general computing and the 7 and 8 worklet alternatives for the high performance computing.

#WORKLET NAMEGEN14 TESTPERF7 TESTPERF8 TEST
1LibreOffice WriterX
2LibreOffice ImpressX
3LibreOffice CalcX
4SQLite 1 threadX
5Encode MP3XX
6Selenium Kraken ChromeX
7PyBenchX
8TJBenchX
9LibreOffice ConvertX
10FreeCADX
11Decompress ZSTDXX
12Compress ZSTDXX
137zip (integrated Benchmark)XX
137zipXX
14StockfishXXX
15BlenderXX
163DMark Wild Life ExtremeX
17Unity SpaceshipX
18HandbrakeXX
19GravitymarkX
203DMark Steel NomadX
213DMark Solar BayX
22Procyon AI Computer VisionX
Figure 2

Distribution of energy efficiency indicators (EEI) for notebooks for the discussed sets of 4 and 8 worklets for the high performance computing user profile and the 14 and 18 worklets sets for general computing. Generated by Python.

Table 2

EEI limits for each energy efficiency category (A to G) for each approach (4 to 18 worklets).

GENERAL COMPUTINGHIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING
CLASSEEI RANGE NOTEBOOK & DESKTOP% MODELSCLASSEEI RANGE NOTEBOOK & DESKTOP% MODELS
A (highest class)38.40 ≤ EEI0.0%A27.90 ≤ EEI0.0%
B26.50 ≤ EEI < 38.400.5%B21.10 ≤ EEI < 27.900.7%
C18.30 ≤ EEI < 26.505.8%C16.00 ≤ EEI < 21.109.1%
D12.60 ≤ EEI < 18.306.8%D12.10 ≤ EEI < 16.0013.3%
E8.70 ≤ EEI < 12.6024.6%E9.20 ≤ EEI < 12.1031.5%
F6.00 ≤ EEI < 8.7018.3%F7.00 ≤ EEI < 9.2029.4%
G (lowest class)EEI < 6.0044.0%GEEI < 7.0016.1%
Table 3

Illustrative example on options on different system configurations.

COMPONENT PARTNUMBER OF OPTIONS
Central processing unit (CPU)5–12
Graphics processing unit (GPU)7–15
Memory (different brands, speeds, quantity)40–60
Storage (SSD – brands, speed, quantity)40–60
Power supply30–60
Total combinations1 680 000–38 880 000
Figure 3

Distribution of meta energy efficiency for tested product families.

Language: English
Page range: 50 - 50
Submitted on: Mar 18, 2026
Accepted on: May 12, 2026
Published on: Aug 26, 2026
Published by: European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (eceee)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 David Sánchez, Jana Rückschloss, Karsten Schischke, Sopio Bregadze, Nils F. Nissen, published by European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (eceee)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.