
Integration and Power-Sharing: What are the Future Options for Armed Non-State Actors in the Myanmar Peace Process?
By: Helene Maria Kyed and Mikael Gravers
References
- Ansori M H From Insurgency to Bureaucracy: Free Aceh Movement, Aceh Party and the New Face of Conflict Stability of Security and Development 2012 1 1 31 44 10.5334/sta.ah
- Berdal M Zaum D Political Economy of Statebuilding: Power after Peace 2013 New York and Oxon Routledge
- Callahan M P Political Authority in Burma’s Ethnic Minority States: Devolution, Occupation, and Coexistence 2007 Washington East West Center Policy Studies no. 31
- Christensen M Utas M Mercenaries of Democracy: the ‘Politricks’ of Remobilized Combatants in the 2007 General Elections, Sierra Leone African Affairs 2008 107 429 515 539 10.1093/afraf/adn057
-
Derksen
D
Reintegrating Armed Groups in Afghanistan Peacebrief 2014 Washington DC United States Institute for Peace (USIP) March 168 - Furnival J S Colonial Policy and Practice. A Comparative Study of Burma and Netherlands India 1956 New York New York University Press (1948)
- Gravers M Disorder as Order: The Ethno-Nationalist Struggle of the Karen in Burma/Myanmar – a discussion of the dynamics of an ethnicized civil war and its historical roots The Journal of Burma Studies 2015a 19 1 1 27 10.1057/9781137496300.0007
-
Gravers
M
Horstmann
A
Jung
J
Religious Imaginary as an Alternative Social and Moral Order – Karen Buddhism across the Burma – Thai Border Building Noah’s Ark: Refugees, Migrants and Religious Communities 2015b New York Palgrave McMillan 45 76 - Gravers M Ytzen F Burma/Myanmar – Where Now? 2014 Copenhagen NIAS Press 10.1353/jbs.2015.0005
- Hartzell C Hoddie M Institutionalizing Peace: Power Sharing and Post-Civil War Management American Journal of Political Science 2003 47 2 318 332 10.1111/1540-5907.00022
-
Hiebert
M
Nguyen
P
Myamnar’s Peace Process Carries High Stakes Ahead of 2015 Elections South Asia from Scott Circle 2014 Centre for Strategic and International Studies August 21 -
Hill
R
Bowman
L
Police Reform Programs: Links to Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Social Stability in Violent and Fragile States – Building responsiveness and the connection to local civilian needs – public security as good governance
2006
DOI:
http://www.thecornwallisgroup.org/pdf/CXI_2006_08_Hill.pdf -
Jensen
S
Stepputat
F
Lind
G
Demobilizing Civilians Civilians at War 2014 University of Copenhagen Museum Tusculanum Press 203 235 PMCid: PMC3946964 -
Jolliffe
K
Ethnic Conflict and Social Services in Myanmar’s Contested Regions 2014 Yangon The Asia Foundation - Karen News Karen General Urges Ethnic Leaders not to sign nationwide ceasefire until government agrees to political roadmap Karen News 2015 August 26
-
Keenan
P
The Border Guard Force. The need to reassess the policy Briefing Paper No. 15 2013 Chiang Mai Burma Centre for Ethnic Studies July -
Knight
M
Security Sector Reform: Post-Conflict Integration 2009 University of Birmingham GFN-SSR -
Kramer
T
Dittmer
I L
Ethnic Conflict in Burma: The Challenge of Unity in a Divided Country Burma/Myanmar? The Struggle for National Identity 2010 Hackensack, NJ World Scientific 51 81 10.1142/9789814313650_0003 -
Kumar
S
Behlendorf
B
Policing Best Practices in Conflict/Post Conflict Societies 2010 Afghanistan UNDP - Kyed H M Gravers M Non-State Armed Groups in the Myanmar Peace Process: What are the Future Options? DIIS Working Paper: 07 2014
- McConnachie K Governing Refugees. Justice, Order and Legal Pluralism 2014 Oxon and New York Routledge
- McMullin J Ex-Combatants and the Post-Conflict State. Challenges of Reintegration 2013a New York Palgrave/Macmillan 10.1057/9781137312938
- McMullin J Integration or separation? Stigmatisation of ex-combatants after war Review of International Studies 2013b 39 2 385 414 10.1017/S0260210512000228
- Mitton K Engaging disengagement. The political reintegration of Sierra Leone’s Revolutionary United Front Conflict, Security and Development 2008 8 2 193 222 10.1080/14678800802095377
- Muggah R No Magic Bullet: A Critical Perspective on Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) and Weapons Reduction in Post-conflict Contexts The Round Table 2005 94 379 239 252 10.1080/00358530500082684
- Munive J Context Matters: the Conventional DDR Template is Challenged in South Sudan International Peacekeeping 2013 20 5 585 599 10.1080/13533312.2013.853962
- Munive J Jakobsen S F Revisiting DDR in Liberia: exploring the power, agency and interests of local and international actors in the ‘making’ and ‘unmaking’ of combatants Conflicts, Security and Development 2012 12 4 359 385 10.1080/14678802.2012.724792
- Mutengesa S Facile Acronyms and Tangled Processes: A Re-Examination of the 1990s ‘DDR’ in Uganda International Peacekeeping 2013 20 3 338 356 10.1080/13533312.2013.828526
-
Naing
S Y
Another Chapter in the History of Karen Factional Conflict
The Irrawaddy
2015
July
30
Available at:
irrawaddy.org -
Nilsen
M
Tønnesen
S
Political Parties and Peacebuilding in Myanmar PRIO Policy Brief 2013 Oslo PRIO 05 -
Oh
S
Competing forms of Sovereignty in the Karen State of Myanmar 2013 ISEAS working paper, no. 1, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies - Ramsbotham O Woodhouse T Miall H Contemporary Conflict Resolution 2012 Cambridge Polity Press
-
Sedra
M
Recommendations Confronting Afghanistan’s Security Dilemma. Reforming the Security Sector 2003 Bonn BICC 62 68 Brief 28 - Smith M Burma. Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity 1999 2nd ed. London Zed Books
-
Smith
M
Wilson
T
Ethnic Participation and Reconciliation in Myanmar: Challenges in the Transitional Landscape Myanmar’s Long Road to National Reconciliation 2006 Singapore ISEAS 38 76 PMCid: PMC1636057 - South A Mon Nationalism and Civil War in Burma 2003 London Routledge The Golden Sheldrake
- South A Burma’s Longest War: Anatomy of the Karen Conflict 2011 Amsterdam Transnational Institute, Burma Center Netherlands
- South A Prospects for Peace in Myanmar: Opportunities and Threats 2012 Oslo PRIO
- South A Where Next in Burma’s Peace Process? The Irrawaddy 2014 December 8
- Spear J The Disarmament and Demobilisation of Warring Factions in the Aftermath of Civil Wars: Key Implementation Issues Civil Wars 1999 2 2 1 22 10.1080/13698249908402404
- Spear J From political economies of war to political economies of peace: the contribution of DDR after wars of predation Contemporary Security Policy 2007 27 1 168 189 10.1080/13523260600603402
-
Specht
I
Date-Bah
E
Jobs for Rebels and Soldiers Jobs After War. A Critical Challenge in the Peace and Reconstruction Puzzle 2003 Geneva ILO 73 110 - Thawnhmung A M The “Other” Karen in Myanmar. Ethnic Minorities without Arms 2012 Lanham Lexington Books
-
Thruelsen
P D
From Soldier to Civilian. Disarmament, Demobilisation, Reintegration in Afghanistan DIIS Report 2006 Copenhagen Danish Institute for International Studies 7 - Torjesen S Towards a theory of ex-combatant reintegration Journal of Security & Development 2013 2 3 1 13 10.1080/14678800701333192 63
- Torjesen S MacFarlane S N R before D: the case of post conflict reintegration in Tajikistan Conflict, Security and Development 2007 7 2 311 332
-
UN
United Nations Policy for Post-Conflict Employment Creation, Income Generation and Reintegration 2008 New York UN -
UNDP
Village Institutions and Leadership in Myanmar 2012 Myanmar Development Research and S. Kempel unpublished report -
UNDPO
Second Generation Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) Practices in Peace Operations 2010 New York UN - Walter B Designing Transitions from Civil War. Demobilization, Democratization, and Commitments to Peace International Security 1999 24 1 127 155 10.1162/016228899560077
- Woods K Ceasefire capitalism: Military–private partnerships, resource concessions and military-state building in Burma–China borderlands Journal of Peasant Studies 2011 38 4 747 770 10.1080/03066150.2011.607699
-
Zartman
I W
Negotiating Internal Conflict: incentives and Intractability
International Negotiation
2001
6
297
302
10.1163/15718060120849125
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015799420719 - Zaw O Min W Assessing Burma’s Ceasefire Accords 2007 Washington East–West Policy Studies no. 39
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.gt | Journal eISSN: 2165-2627
Language: English
Published on: Dec 3, 2015
Published by: Department of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 2015 Helene Maria Kyed, Mikael Gravers, published by Department of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.