Table 1
Descriptive Statistics (by Province).
| Variable | Observations | Mean | SD | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NGO Security Incidents | 68 | 4.49 | 4.88 | 0.00 | 18.00 |
| PRT Presence | 68 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| US PRT Presence | 68 | 0.41 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Coalition PRT Presence | 68 | 0.44 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| US Military Presence | 68 | 0.74 | 0.44 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| NGO Projects | 68 | 173.76 | 183.05 | 15.00 | 1,250.00 |
| Total NGO Expenditures (in millions $USD) | 68 | 21.29 | 34.52 | 0.64 | 188.84 |
| Coalition Fatalities | 68 | 17.22 | 41.37 | 0.00 | 290.00 |
| Journalist Security Incidents | 68 | 1.44 | 4.03 | 0.00 | 32.00 |
| People Incarcerated | 88 | 651.35 | 1,261.25 | 1.00 | 7,591.00 |
| Hectares of Poppy Cultivation | 68 | 3,72915 | 11,860.82 | 0.00 | 65,045.00 |
| Afghan Border | 68 | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Border with Pakistan | 68 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Distance of Province Capital from Kabul (in miles) | 68 | 173.88 | 122.81 | 0.00 | 492.37 |
| % of Population Own a Radio | 68 | 70.62 | 21.74 | 22.00 | 99.00 |
| % of Population Own a Mobile Device | 68 | 61.26 | 25.09 | 8.00 | 97.00 |
| % of Population with Internet Access | 58 | 7.32 | 8.78 | 0.00 | 33.00 |
| People Enrolled in Govt General Education (in thousands) | 68 | 215.98 | 207.69 | 21.11 | 1,086.82 |
| People Enrolled in Private General Education | 68 | 2,209.60 | 7,713.19 | 0.00 | 49,371.00 |
| Population (in thousands) | 68 | 727.55 | 645.03 | 136.30 | 3,818.70 |

Figure 1
NGO Security Incidents 2010 vs 2011.

Map 1
2010 NGO Security Incidents.

Map 2
2011 NGO Security Incidents.
Table 2
Panel-Corrected Standard Error Models of NGO Security Incidents by Province.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Coefficients | SE | Coefficients | SE |
| PRT Presence | 3.3328*** | 0.6421 | -- | -- |
| US PRT Presence | -- | -- | 1.6548 | 1.8711 |
| Coalition PRT Presence | -- | -- | 2.8056*** | 0.2588 |
| US Military Presence | -1.2755** | 0.7266 | -0.7159 | 1.5382 |
| NGO Projects | -0.0022 | 0.0064 | -0.0011 | 0.0057 |
| LOG Total NGO Expenditures (in millions $USD) | 1.3680* | 0.9258 | 1.2718* | 0.9517 |
| Coalition Fatalities | -0.0039 | 0.0032 | -0.0094*** | 0.0028 |
| Journalist Security Incidents | 0.2062*** | 0.0537 | 0.1150* | 0.0732 |
| People Incarcerated | -0.0006 | 0.0008 | -0.0005 | 0.0007 |
| LOG Hectares of Poppy Cultivation | -0.4652*** | 0.1187 | -0.4136*** | 0.1217 |
| Afghan Border | -3.1086*** | 0.5739 | -2.4404*** | 0.5491 |
| Border with Pakistan | 2.7003* | 1.7939 | 3.0242** | 1.4465 |
| Distance of Province Capital from Kabul (in miles) | 0.0264*** | 0.0054 | 0.0243*** | 0.0044 |
| % of Population Own a Radio | 0.0987*** | 0.0068 | 0.1006*** | 0.0181 |
| % of Population Own a Mobile Device | -0.0224* | 0.0168 | -0.0266*** | 0.0115 |
| % of Population with Internet Access | -0.0584*** | 0.0173 | -0.0599*** | 0.0270 |
| People Enrolled in Govt General Education (in thousands) | 0.0298*** | 0.0033 | 0.0285*** | 0.0033 |
| People Enrolled in Private General Education | -0.0003** | 0.0002 | -0.0003* | 0.0002 |
| Constant | -12.8101*** | 1.3384 | -12.3337*** | 1.2981 |
| R2 0.58 | R2 0.58 | |||
| Wald Chi2 76.99*** | Wald Chi2 57.78*** | |||
| N = 68 | N = 68 | |||
[i] ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.10, one-tailed test.
