Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Inter-ethnic Cooperation Revisited: Why mobile phones can help prevent discrete events of violence, using the Kenyan case study Cover

Inter-ethnic Cooperation Revisited: Why mobile phones can help prevent discrete events of violence, using the Kenyan case study

Open Access
|Nov 2013

References

  1. Alihodžić S Electoral Violence Early Warning and Infrastructures for Peace Journal of Peacebuilding and Development 2012 7 3 54 69 10.1080/15423166.2013.767592
  2. Axelrod R The Evolution of Cooperation: Revised Edition New York Basic Books 2006
  3. Barkan J D Kenya After Moi Foreign Affairs 2004 83 1 87 100 Available at http://heinonline.org.mutex.gmu.edu/ HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/fora83&collection=journals&set_as_cursor=0&men_tab=srchresults&id=93 [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  4. Bueno de Mesquita B An Expected Utility Theory of International Conflict: An Exploratory Study American Political Science Review 1980 74 917 31 Available at http://web.mnstate.edu/baumannp/Pol310/xcrpt/bdm.pdf [Last accessed 26 August 2013]
  5. Chuma A Ojielo O Building a Standing National Capacity for Conflict Prevention and Resolution in Kenya Journal of Peacebuilding and Development 2012 7 3 25 39 10.1080/15423166.2013.774790
  6. Collier P Hoeffler A On Economic Causes of Civil War Oxford Economic Papers 1998 50 4 563 573 10.1093/oep/50.4.563
  7. Collier P Hoeffler A Greed and Grievance in Civil War Oxford Economic Papers 2004 56 4 563 595 10.1093/oep/gpf064
  8. Clausewitz C v Graham J. J. On War New York Penguin 1982
  9. Dorn A W Keeping Watch: Monitoring, Technology & Innovation in UN Peace Operations Tokyo United Nations University Press 2011
  10. Fearon J D Laitin D Explaining Interethnic Cooperation The American Political Science Review 1996 90 4 715 795 Available at http://search.proquest.com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/214430581?accountid=14541 [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  11. Fearon J D Ethnic Mobilization and Ethnic Violence Draft Chapter, Oxford Handbook of Political Economy 2004 Available at http://www.seminario2005.unal.edu.co/Trabajos/Fearon/Ethnic%20mobilization%20and%20ethnic%20violence.pdf [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  12. Fortna V P Inside and Out: Peacekeeping and the Duration of Peace after Civil and Interstate Wars International Studies Review 2003 5 4 97 114 10.1111/j.1079–;1760.2003.00504010.x
  13. Fortna V P Does Peacekeeping Work? Princeton Princeton University Press 2008
  14. Gurr T R Why Men Rebel Princeton Princeton University Press 1970
  15. Gurr T R Minorities at Risk: A Global View of Ethnopolitical Conflicts Washington, D. C USIP Press 1993
  16. Hanson S Understanding Kenya’s Politics Council on Foreign Affairs Backgrounder 2008 Available at http://www.cfr.org/kenya/understanding-kenyas-politics/p15322 [Accessed 27 August 2013]
  17. Heeks R The ICT4D 2.0 Manifesto: Where Next for ICTs and International Development?’ Development Informatics Working Paper Series, Paper No. 42 2009 Available at http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/idpm/research/publications/wp/di/di_wp42.htm [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  18. Hewitt J Wilkenfeld J Gurr T R Peace and Conflict 2008 CIDCM University of Maryland 2008 Available at http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/publications/pub.aspx?pubType=book&id=31 [Last accessed 26 August 2013]
  19. Holmquist F Ford M Kenya: State and Civil Society the First Year after the Election Africa Today 1994 41 4 5 25 Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/4187014 [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  20. Holmquist F Ford M Kenya: Slouching toward Democracy Africa Today 1992 39 3 97 111 Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/4186843 [Last accessed 26 August 2013]
  21. Horowitz D Ethnic Groups in Conflict Berkeley University of California Press 1985
  22. Kaufman S J Symbolic Politics or Rational Choice? Testing Theories of Extreme Ethnic Violence International Security 2006 30 4 45 86 Available at http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/international_security/v030/30.4kaufman.html [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  23. Kumar C De la Haye J Hybrid Peacemaking: Building National ‘Infrastructures for Peace’ Global Governance 2012 18 1 13 20 Available at http://search.proquest.com/docview/928515270?accountid=14541 [Last accessed 25 August 2013]
  24. Lake D Rothchild D Containing Fear: The Origins and Management of Ethnic Conflict International Security 1996 21 2 41 75 Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539070 [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  25. Levinger M Lytle P F Myth and mobilization: the triadic structure of nationalist rhetoric Nations and Nationalism 2001 7 2 175 194 10.1111/1469-8219.0001
  26. Levy J Crocker Hampson Aall International Sources of Interstate and Intrastate War Leashing the Dogs of War Washington, D. C USIP Press 2007
  27. Meier P Crisis Mapping Libya: This is no Haiti iRevolution 2011 Available at http://irevolution.net/2011/03/04/crisis-mapping-libya/ [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  28. Martin-Shields C The Technologist’s Dilemma: Ethical Challenges of Using Crowdsourcing Technology in Conflict and Disaster-Affected Regions Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 2013 14 2 157 163 Summer Available at http://journal.georgetown.edu/2013/07/26/the-technologists-dilemma-ethical-challenges-of-using-crowdsourcing-technology-in-conflict-and-disaster-affected-regions-by-charles-martin-shields/ [Last accessed 19 October 2013]
  29. Martin-Shields C Power to the People: The Risk and Rewards of Mobile Technology in Governance Development The TechChange Blog 2011 Available at http://techchange.org/2011/04/21/power-to-the-people-the-risk-and-rewards-of-mobile-technology-in-governance-development/ [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  30. Mearsheimer J The Tragedy of Great Power Politics New York Norton 2001
  31. Mueller S Dying to Win: Elections, political violence, and institutional decay in Kenya Journal of Contemporary African Studies 2011 29 1 99 117 10.1080/02589001.2011.537056
  32. Mueller S The Political Economy of Kenya’s Crisis Journal of Eastern African Studies 2008 2 2 185 210 10.1080/17531050802058302
  33. Ndegwa S N Kenya: Third Time Lucky? Journal of Democracy 2003 14 3 145 158 10.1353/jod.2003.0060
  34. Ndeta J H UWIANO Platform holds a Peace Vigil on the Eve of Kenya Referendum PeaceNet Kenya 2013 Available at http://www.peacenetkenya.or.ke/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=147%3Auwiano-platform-holds-a-peace-vigil-on-the-eve-of-kenya-referendum&Itemid=139 [Last accessed 6 August 2013]
  35. NSC Amani @108 website 2013 Available at http://www.nscpeace.go.ke/108/ [Last accessed 6 August 2013]
  36. Okombo O The Invisible Violence in Kenya: A Case Study of the Rift Valley and Western Regions Nairobi, Kenya 2011 Commissioned by the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung
  37. Okuthe R Safaricom donates 50 million SMSs towards Kenya’s peaceful electioneering HumanIPO 2013 February 8 Available at http://www.humanipo.com/news/3842/Safaricom-donates-50-million-SMSs-towards-Kenyas-peaceful-electioneering/ [Last accessed August 28 2013]
  38. Ostrom E The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1990
  39. Pierskalla J Hollenbach F Technology and Collective Action: The Effect of Cell Phone Coverage on Political Violence in Africa American Political Science Review 2013 107 2 207 224 10.1017/S0003055413000075
  40. Ryan J Infrastructures for Peace as a Path to Resilient Societies: An Institutional Perspective’ Journal of Peacebuilding and Development 2012 7 3 14 24 10.1080/15423166.2013.774806
  41. Sisi Ni Amani Sisi Ni Amani Website 2013 Available at http://www.sisiniamani.org/what-we-do/programs/sms-programming/ [Last accessed 28 August 2013]
  42. Toyama K Technology as amplifier of international development Proceedings of the 2011 iConference 2011 75 82 10.1145/1940761.1940772
  43. UNDP Voting, not Violence, in Kenya 2011 Available at http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/crisispreventionandrecovery/successstories/Voting-not-violence-in-kenya.html [Last accessed 27 August 2013]
  44. Ushahidi Case Studies from Ushahidi Website 2011 Available at www.ushahidi.org [Last accessed 25 August 2013]
  45. Walter B Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars Princeton Princeton University Press 2001
  46. Waltz K Theory of International Politics Reading Addison-Wesley 1979
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/sta.cu | Journal eISSN: 2165-2627
Language: English
Published on: Nov 12, 2013
Published by: Department of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2013 Charles Patrick Martin-Shields, published by Department of Peace Studies and International Development, University of Bradford
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.