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The Wicked Problem of Selection and Competency-Based Education: Applying TRIZ Inversion to the Graduate Medical Education Selection Process Cover

The Wicked Problem of Selection and Competency-Based Education: Applying TRIZ Inversion to the Graduate Medical Education Selection Process

Open Access
|Sep 2026

Authors

Holly A. Caretta-Weyer

hcweyer@stanford.edu

Professor of Emergency Medicine and Associate Dean of Admissions and Assessment, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California

Ming-Ka Chan

Ming-Ka.Chan@umanitoba.ca

Professor of Pediatrics and Clinician Educator, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba

Mary Ellen J. Goldhamer

MGOLDHAMER@mgh.harvard.edu

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Director of Faculty Continuing Medical Education, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Director of Evaluation, Harvard Kidney Urology Hematology Training Institute, Boston, Massachusetts

Alan Schwartz

alansz@uic.edu

Michael Reese Endowed Professor of Medical Education, Departments of Medical Education and Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

Teresa M. Chan

tchanmd@torontomu.ca

Dean of Medicine, Vice-President Medical Affairs, Toronto Metropolitan University, Brampton, ON; Clinical Professor (part-time), Department of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine/Division of Education and Innovation, McMaster University centre for Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON

Lalena M. Yarris

yarrisl@ohus.edu

Professor, Vice Chair of Education, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon

Ian W. Incoll

ian.incoll@newcastle.edu.au

Conjoint Professor, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle; Subject Coordinator, Graduate Programs in Surgical Education, University of Melbourne

Arvin Damodaran

arvin@unsw.edu.au

Associate Professor, Head of Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney

H. Carrie Chen

h.carrie.chen@kp.org

Professor of Health Systems Science, Associate Dean of Medical Education Research and Scholarship, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California

As members of the International Competency-Based Health Professions Educators Collaborative

hcweyer@stanford.edu

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/pme.2596 | Journal eISSN: 2212-277X
Language: English
Page range: 970 - 985
Submitted on: Mar 22, 2026
Accepted on: Aug 28, 2026
Published on: Sep 29, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2026 Holly A. Caretta-Weyer, Ming-Ka Chan, Mary Ellen J. Goldhamer, Alan Schwartz, Teresa M. Chan, Lalena M. Yarris, Ian W. Incoll, Arvin Damodaran, H. Carrie Chen, As members of the International Competency-Based Health Professions Educators Collaborative, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.