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How and When Should Clinical Reasoning Be Taught in Undergraduate Medicine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Cover

How and When Should Clinical Reasoning Be Taught in Undergraduate Medicine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Open Access
|Dec 2025

Authors

Stuart Wark

swark5@une.edu.au

School of Rural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales

Aaron Drovandi

aaron.drovandi@manchester.ac.uk

School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester

Faith O. Alele

faith.alele@jcu.edu.au

School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland

Richard G. McGee

richard.mcgee@health.nsw.gov.au

John Hunter Children’s Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, New South Wales; School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales

Felista Mwangi

Felista.Mwangi@newcastle.edu.au

School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales

Bunmi Malau-Aduli

Bunmi.Malauaduli@newcastle.edu.au

School of Rural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales; School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales

for the ACHIEVE network

swark5@une.edu.au

Academy for Collaborative Health Interprofessional Education and Vibrant Excellence (ACHIEVE), New South Wales
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/pme.1986 | Journal eISSN: 2212-277X
Language: English
Submitted on: Jul 8, 2025
|
Accepted on: Nov 20, 2025
|
Published on: Dec 29, 2025
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Stuart Wark, Aaron Drovandi, Faith O. Alele, Richard G. McGee, Felista Mwangi, Bunmi Malau-Aduli, for the ACHIEVE network, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.